1. Multipath TCP Signaling Options or Payload? Costin Raiciu c.raiciu@cs.ucl.ac.uk

2. Motivation MPTCP needs to signal control data to function correctly – Data sequence mapping – Data ACK – Add/remove IP – Security Information What’s the best way to signal this information?

3. Considerations Control Message – Size – Requirements Middlebox behavior – Remove/duplicate options – Normalize payload

4. Options Encoding 40B in TCP header, some already used Traditional way to signal control information in TCP Not reliably delivered Limited size Messed with by middleboxes

5. Payload Encoding Use Type-Length-Value encoding to add control messages in the payload No more reliability issues No more space issues

6. Connection/Subflow Setup Options encoding: – Add MPTCP capable/token on initial connection – Add JOIN option on subsequent connections Payload encoding – Initial connection: must use options encoding! – Additional subflows: must use options encoding!

7. Data Sequence Mapping 10-14B with options, 6-10B with payload Options encoding: – Reliability issue: may be stripped by middle-boxes If data ACK: can infer it was lost => drop path and use others No data ACK: receiving subflow must drop data without options (hack) to force the sender to retransmit. Or explicitly ack the mapping – quite a few of them Payload Encoding – If segment is acked, mapping is acked too. – Still need data ACK for other corner cases.

8. Data ACK 4-8B Options: just piggyback on ACKs, cuts 1 SACK segment Payload – Data ACKs are sent reliably, in order, and are congestion controlled! – Cannot piggyback them on ACKs anymore – Implications on timeouts at the sender on connection level data.

9. Add/Remove IP 6-18B Need in order, reliable delivery Options – Must echo options explicitly and send one/RTT or – Add sequence numbers & acks Payload – Send one/RTT or – Add sequence numbers & acks.

10. Security Information Typically bootstrapped when connection begins Options – Data will not fit in options, must encode in payload – Add option describing where in the payload the security data is Payload: no issues

11. Middleboxes That strip options on data packets Options – Will not use the subflow otherwise Payload Will use the subflow

12. Future Middleboxes Middleboxes will be deployed to optimize various aspects of multipath TCP Options – Allows all (stateless/stateful) middleboxes to see the state of the connection and the fact its multipath Payload – Stateless middleboxes cannot differentiate between TCP and MPTCP – Stateful middleboxes will have to parse the data stream; when they get desynchronized the can’t tell if it’s TCP or multipath anymore.

13. Comparison Summary TopicOptions SignalingPayload Signaling Connection, Subflow SetupUse options Data Sequence Mapping4B more Data ACKSame as regular ACKsReliable, in order, congestion controlled Add/Remove IPEcho option, send max one/RTT or Sequence numbers & acks Send max one/RTT or Sequence numbers & acks Security NegotiationUse payload Mboxes that strip options on SYN Smilar On data packetsStops using pathKeeps going Future mboxesPlays niceMore difficult

14. And the winner is …?