1. Chapter 3.1 Early Colonies Have Mixed Success
Jamestown
Chapter 3.1 Early Colonies Have Mixed Success

2. Roanoke is not the only colony that didn’t survive
Roanoke is not the only colony that didn’t survive. In 1607, the Sagadahoc colony was formed in Maine. Many of the colonists were convicts. Arguments, a harsh winter, fights with the Native Americans and food shortages forced most to return to England.

3. Joint-Stock Company
A joint-stock company was backed by investors which meant people would put money into a project to earn profits. If the company failed one person didn’t lose it all, but investors divided the losses.

4. Two Companies Emerged The Virginia Company of London
The Virginia Company of Plymouth
Two Companies Emerged

5. In 1607, the Virginia Company of London financed an expedition to the Chesapeake Bay
They named the settlement Jamestown after King James
Jamestown 1607

6. It wasn’t easy….. Swamp land
Malaria-carrying mosquitoes (made the colonists sick with fever)
Ill from the drinking water
They were also told that the area was rich in gold, so many of them searched for gold instead of building houses
It wasn’t easy…..

7. By 1608 only 38 remained alive…

8. Introducing: John Smith
A soldier and adventurer
Took control of the colony
Made a new rule…
Introducing: John Smith

9. “He that will not work shall not eat” -John Smith

10. His method worked and Jamestown began to prosper
Worked with Powhatan to trade for corn.
Extended an existing wall around Jamestown
His method worked and Jamestown began to prosper

11. John Smith was injured and sent back to England…
But not before 800 more arrived in Jamestown from England.

12. Tensions Grow… Tensions grow between the Powhatan and the colonists
The Powhatan stop trading with the colonists and attack them
The colonists won’t leave the fort and “starving time” begins
They eat rats, mice and snakes
Tensions Grow…

13. Introducing: Lord De La Warr
In 1610, Lord De La Warr arrives with two new ships
But only 60, of the previous colonist, have survived
He has been appointed as the new governor of Jamestown
He imposed strict discipline and “starving time” ends
Introducing: Lord De La Warr

14. Introducing: John Rolfe
Introducing: John Rolfe

15. With the rise in tobacco, the Virginia Company wanted to enjoy the benefits, but the colonists felt that they deserved a share
The company let settlers own land because they worked harder when it was their own land
50-acre land grants were awarded to those who could pay their way to the colonies
In 1619 the population was 600
In 1621 the population was 2000
Jamestown Grows…

16. Indentured Servants Those who could not pay their way to the New World
They sold their labor to the person who paid their passage to the colony
After working for a number of years they were free
Indentured Servants

17. Colonists were sick of the governor, who represented the interests of the Virginia Company back in London
Created the House of Burgesses in 1619
It became the first elected assembly in the American colonies
The House of Burgesses

18. Conflicts with the Powhatan
At first…
The Powhatan and the colonists worked well together
The Powhatan taught them how to plant corn, catch fish, and capture wild fowl
Conflicts with the Powhatan

19. Introducing: Pocahontas
Powhatan agreed to let John Rolfe marry his daughter Pocahontas to establish peace
She even traveled to England with Rolfe to raise money for Jamestown, but died of smallpox before she could return home
Rolfe and Pocahontas’ marriage didn’t help Jamestown like they thought it would…
Introducing: Pocahontas

20. As tobacco became more popular, more land was required to plant it…land that did not belong to the settlers. In 1622, Powhatan killed hundreds of Jamestown residents.

21. Not only did colonists fight with the natives but they fought with each other too…

22. Former Indentured Servants
By the 1670’s, ¼ of the free white men were indentured servants
They resent the wealthy eastern landowners because the former indentured servants did not own land
They had to fight the Native Americans to get land
They opposed Governor William Berkeley who imposed high taxes and favored the wealthy landowners
Former Indentured Servants

23. Introducing: Nathaniel Bacon
Bacon led a group of landless frontier settlers against Berkeley
Bacon demanded that Berkeley approve a war against the Native Americans so that these men could get more land to plant tobacco
Berkeley refused…
Introducing: Nathaniel Bacon

24. Bacon’s Rebellion In 1676, Bacon and his men marched into Jamestown
Took control of the House of Burgesses
Burned Jamestown to the ground
Bacon suddenly fell ill and the rebellion was over
Bacon’s Rebellion

25. Effects of Bacon’s Rebellion
Berkeley hanged Bacon’s followers
King Charles II gets angry with Berkeley and his actions. He calls Berkeley back to England.
House of Burgesses passes laws to prevent a royal governor, like Berkeley, from assuming such power again
This was an important step against tyranny
Effects of Bacon’s Rebellion