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Published byDora Hines Modified over 9 years ago
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Sound Part 2 Sound and how to make it
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What is Sound? Sound is a compression wave
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Amplitude v. wavelength Amplitude is the height of the sound wave or volume of the sound wave The higher the amplitude, the louder the sound
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Amplitude v. wavelength The wavelength of the sound is the distance between the highest peaks of the sound’s amplitude Wavelength of sound is the PITCH of the sound you hear
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Sound frequency Frequency of sound is measured in Hz. It is related to the wavelength.
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Decibel Decibel is a unit of measure of the loudness of sound.
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Pitch Pitch is determined by frequency, but is more complicated than just pure numbers. Human perception affects pitch too.
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Sampling Rate The sampling rate is like taking a series of photos of sound over time.The higher the sampling rate, the better the capture of audio. Analog=red Digital=black
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Sample size One of the aspects that affects audio quality is sample size. The larger the sample, the larger the file size, but the better the quality Usually: 2 bit, 4 bit 8 bit, 16 bit etc. Refers to quality
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Audio Channels Also affects file size. The number of channels determines weather something is recorded in Mono (one track), Stereo (2 track) or Surround Sound (3-7 tracks). Each track plays something different out of a different speaker
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Cutting and Pasting One way of “mixing” or combining sounds is to cut and paste them together in programs like Garage band
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Mixing board Another way to combine sounds is to “mix” them live on a MIXER or Audio Board
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VU meter The VOLUME UNIT meter. This is the same weather you are mixing sound live on a sound board or in garage band. It’s like VOLUME
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Track Level In Garage Band the blue lines are the track levels. The more layers you have the more levels you have
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Master Fader The master fader is a control on both digital and analog audio mixers It controls the overall volume for all tracks in the audio mix
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Streaming When downloading audio files, streaming is a technology that allows one to listen to audio files BEFORE the whole file has downloaded
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Compression A type of lossy or lossless compression in which the amount of data in a recorded waveform is reduced to differing extents for transmission respectively with or without some loss of quality.
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Codec A codec is a software program that COdes and DECodes the way we digitize audio files. CO - DEC (CO de and DEC ode)
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Transcoding A way of coding one type of file directly to another type of file. Example: AIFF to MP3
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Bandwidth A rate of data transfer measured in bits/second, Mbits/second or Gbits/second The greater the bandwidth, the faster the download
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Steps in Producing Audio Planning Technical Preparation Creation Distibution
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Planning (ALWAYS has these steps) Define target audience - Brainstorm – write down/sketch ideas - Coordinate location/equipment needs
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Technical Preparation writing Write script/song or any other text for audio Select equipment Think: Where will the microphones be used? Type of audio recording – people, vocals, instruments? Type of microphones Is it loud and crowded? - cardioid Is the audio source far way? – shotgun/hypercardioid Are there many audio sources to capture simultaneously? – omnidirectional Do the microphones need to be unseen? - visibility - Types of cables/connections
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Creating Record Audio Edit Audio
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Distributing Export Burn to CD/Upload to internet
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