1. PAKISTAN

3. 1947 – Independence & Partition

4. 1971 – Bangladeshi independence

5. Stats People  97% Muslim  Languages:  Official: Urdu (8%)  Majority: Punjabi (48%)  Literacy: 50% Economy  GDP per capita: $2500 (173 rd in world)  Pop. below poverty line: 24%  Unemployment: 13.6% (+ substantial underemployment)  Agrarian

6. Government  parliamentary gov’t but alternate b/t civilian & military regimes  1999-2008: Pres. Pervez Musharraf (military coup)  2008: Pres. Asif Ali Zardari (civilian / election) MusharrafZardari

7. Kashmir Conflict  disputed territory (India vs. Pakistan)  India’s claim: Kashmir’s leader voted to join India in 1947  Pakistan’s claim: Muslim majority  India won’t give up Kashmir – fears more separatism

8. Nuclear Weapons  India and Pakistan have nukes  fear of more dangerous war

9. Islamic Fundamentalism  terrorists hide in the tribal areas  focused in N & S Waziristan  Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATAS)  residents are Pakistani citizens but are more tied to their Pashtun identity  political autonomy  Taliban gain leadership

10. US & Pakistan  US relies on Pakistan to help fight terrorists  After 9/11 Pakistan started assisting US goals, but there is some support in Pakistan for the terrorists  Pakistan opened airspace to US military, shared intelligence, and allowed US forces to stage operations from its soil

11. Does Pakistan aid terrorists?  India says yes, Pakistan aids 2 Islamic groups that commit terrorism in Jammu and Kashmir  Pakistan says it provides moral support to the Islamic cause and that it has shut down armed groups carrying out cross-border attacks in Indian- controlled Kashmir