1. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 1 New LISP Mapping System: LISP-DDT Presentation to LNOG Darrel Lewis on behalf of the LISP TEAM

2. 2 The Story So Far  ALT was a really nice starting point because the development effort was minimal – Separated the location of the mapping from the mapping itself –Lack of the use of caching was seen as a feature in enabling mobility –Some growing pains have appeared (more later)  The interface to this mapping system is really key –MR/MS has benefits

3. 3 Some current issues with the ALT  Who runs the ALT network? –What’s the business model? –Should it be rooted at/run by the RIRs? –Who assigns infrastructure AS/Tunnel IPs  How do we administer all these GRE/IPsec tunnels? –Why do this for an Enterprise deployment –How can we update xTRs  Why use a routing protocol and all that – we are using 1% of the features – GRE tunnels are overkill for carrying only map-requests Traceroute over the ALT has always been troublesome

4. 4 xTRs MS/MRs ALT Legend: LISP Sites -> green 1st layer access infrastructure -> blue 2nd layer core infrastructure -> red Duplicate Everything, Per VRF?  It _seems_ logical  But to quote Jesper: “That’s Mad” xTRs MS/MRs ALT xTRs MS/MRs ALT xTRs MS/MRs ALT xTRs MS/MRs ALT

5. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 5 LISP+ALT-IID=0 (that is, LISP-DDT)

6. 6 LISP DDT  LISP Delegated Database Tree – Hierarchy for Instance IDs and for EID Prefixes  DDT Nodes are pre-configured with delegations – DDT Map-Resolvers sends (ECM) Map-Requests – DDT Nodes Return Map-Referral messages  DDT Resolvers resolve the Map-Server’s RLOC iteratively  Replacement for LISP-ALT – Increased Flexibility - Supports LISP Instance IDs, etc. – Simplified Operations – ITRs and ETRs don’t change

7. 7 LISP DDT Map Resolvers  DDT Map Resolvers – Cache Map Requests from ITRs – Query the DDT hierarchy iteratively – Detect Loops/Delegation Errors – Resolve the location of the DDT Map-Server  DDT Map Resolvers thus have state: – Referral Cache – Map-Request Queue

8. 8 LISP DDT Referrals & Their Actions –‘Positive’ Referrals are used to discover a DDT-node’s RLOC for a given EID Prefix »Type 0, NODE-REFERRAL »Type 1, MS-REFERRAL »Type 2, MS-ACK –‘Negative’ referrals are used to indicate other actions: »Type 3, MS-NOT-REGISTERED »Type 4, DELEGATION-HOLE »Type 5, NOT-AUTHORITATIVE

9. 9 DDT-Node Root 1 0.0.0.0/0 IID=0 DDT-Node 2 10.0.0.0/8 IID=0 DDT Node 3 10.1.0.0/16 IID=0 MS DDT-Node 4 10.1.0.0/24 IID=0 Setup & Configuration MR Map Request Map Referral Static Delegation Hierarchy Map Reply ETR 10.1.0.0/24 ETR-MS Registration Configuration and Setup 1 1 1) MR configured with Root, or MS1, RLOC 3 3 3) ETR is registering its EID to the Leaf MS 2 2 2) DDT-1, DDT2, DDT-3, DDT/MS-4 configured children with child prefixes, and authoritative prefixes Ex. DDT-2 Delegates child 10.1.0.0/16 to MS3 DDT-2 configured authoritative for 10/8 in IID0

10. 10 DDT-Node Root 1 0.0.0.0/0 DDT Node 2 10.0.0.0/8 DDT Node 3 10.1.0.0/16 DDT-Node-4 MS 10.1.0.0/24 Map Request, Referral, & Reply MR ITR Map Request Map Referral Static Delegation Hierarchy Map Reply ETR-MS Registration ETR 10.1.0.0/24 First Request Packet Flow 1 1 1) ITR sends MRQ to MR via ECM 2 2 2) MR sends Iterative-MRQ to its statically configured Root DDT-Node via ECM-Like- packet 3 3 3) MS1 Sends a Map Referral to MR informing the MR who is the next DDT-Node (2) to try 4 4 4) MR repeats steps 2 & 3 until it gets to leaf MS/DDT-Node which has the registered ETR (DDT-4) 5 5 5) DDTNode-4 sends Map-Referral to MR with done bit set 7 7 7) ETR sends Map-Reply to the ITR 6 6 6) MS (DDT-4) receives, processes MR and fwd to ETR

11. 11 DDT 1 0.0.0.0/0 DDt 2 10.0.0.0/8 DDT 3 10.1.0.0/16 DDT-4 MS 10.1.0.0/24 Once MR’s Referal-Cache is Populated 1)MRQ in ECM arrives on MR 2)MR sends MRQ in ECM (possibly double encaped if lisp-sec is used to secure referal path) to Cache’d Leaf-Map-Server (MS-4) 3)MS decaps ECM and then sends Map- Request in new ECM to ETR MS also sends a Map-Referal with Done Bit set back to MR 4)ETR sends Map-Reply to ITR MR ITR Map Request Map Referral Static Delegation Hierarchy Map Reply ETR 10.1.0.0/24 ETR-MS Registration Steady State 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4

12. 12 DDT Implementation Status  IOS and NXOS implementations complete  Development, and interoperability testing going on now  Beta Network running DDT code  Configuration is pretty simple  Does not include proposed DDT-SEC extensions

13. 13 Static Delegation Hierarchy DDT Beta (IID0) Network Deployment Cisco’s DDT Roots: (Iota-Root) IID: * EID: * arin-ddt.rloc.lisp4.net ripe-ddt.rloc.lisp4.net vxnet-ddt.rloc.lisp4.net MR/MS: EID Aggregates: 153.16.0.0/19 2610:D0:1000::/36 2610:D0:FACE::/48 153.16.21.0/24 TO MN 153.16.22.0/24 TO MN isc-mr-ms asp-mr-ms cisco-sjc-mr-ms1 eqx-ash-mr-ms Other DDT Roots IID * EID: * root-verisign.ddt-root.org mu-ddt-root.org ARIN- Region RIPE- Region AP-Region LACNIC- Region Mobile Node Region MR/MS: EID Aggregates: 153.16.32.0/19 2610:D0:2000::/36 l3-london-mr-ms tdc-mr-ms intouch-ams-mr-ms MR/MS: EID Aggregates:153.16. 64.0/19 2610:D0:3000::/36 apnic-mr-ms DDT Node with ‘child referrals’ MR/MS’s 153.16.21/24 153.16.22/24 2610:d0:1219::/48 2610:d0:120e::/48 asp-isis isc-isis intouch-isis MR/MS: EID Aggregates:153.16. 128.0/19 2610:D0:5000::/36 lacnic-mr-ms asp-isis DDT Beta- Network TLDs IID 0 v4-EID: 153.16.0.0/16 v6-EID: 2610:D0/32 uninett-ddt.rloc.lisp4.net sj-ddt.rloc.lisp4.net msn-ddt.rloc.lisp4.net Beta Network DDT TLD Iota- root Servers

14. 14 LISP DDT Root Operations  DDT Root is expected to be neutral (vendor and provider agnostic) – http://ddt-root.orghttp://ddt-root.org –set up non profit for ddt operations/administration?  Current DDT efforts are community based

15. 15 Wrap Up  Questions?