1. BALANDRAS Vincent FICHET Servan. M2GMA mardi 3 novembre 2009

3. I.Reasons of space exploration II.History of exploration III.And then? IV.The benefits of such a conquest V.Space Tourism, reality or fiction? VI.Conclusion

4. Reasons of space exploration Between the 50’s and the 80’s Nowadays (after the 80’s) o The Cold War (Space Race) o The Power o The Fame o Military Research o The Scientific Research o The Power

5. Important dates WW2 Cold War 3 oct. 1942 V-2, First human- made object Oct 4, 1957 Sputnik, First Soviet Satellite Jan 31, 1958 Explorer 1, First US Satellite Nov 3, 1957 Laika, the first animal in orbit

6. Important dates Cold War Apr 12, 1961 Yuri Gagarin, 1st man into space (USSR) May 5, 1961 Alan Shepard, 2nd man into space (U.S) July 20, 1969 Feb 3, 1966 Luna 9, 1st object landed on moon (USSR) Neil Armstrong, 1st Man on the moon (U.S)

7. Important dates. After, the Cold War « Heats Up ». USSR loose the « race » : o The Space Conquest is not anymore a « race » o The USSR is more focused on Vénus, the U.S on Mars Viking Program : Landing on Mars and sent informations Venera Program : Landing on Venus and sent informations

8. And Then ? o Men colonize Space. o The March Objective. o Other countries want to go into Space (Moon & Mars). o Space Tourism. ISS Program (1998 - 2011) : A collaboration of SuperPowers. Permanant Moon Base (2020), announced by NASA The Asian Race… 201220152030 George W. Bush, 2004 : « A man may go on Mars before 2040 » Fact or Fiction ?

9. The Benefits of such a conquest : NASA costs 17 BILLION $ (per year) to the U.S, is this reasonable ? o Satellites : GPS, TV, Mobile Phones, Meteo … o Medical : MRI, NMR (medicals images) o New Materials (Composite) o Are we alone in the Universe ? PROSCONS o The Death of numerous people (how much ?) o A Budget that can be best used (Education).

10. Space Tourism : Reality or fiction ? For “us”, there are currently 2 ways to go into space : Holidays on the ISS - Flying at least 350km in altitude. - For about 10 days. - A little expensive solution : $20M - A difficult physical training. - 7 clients ever sent. -Provided by : The ISS « hotel », or how to be a real Astronaut.

11. Space Tourism : Reality or fiction ? The sub-orbital tourism (near future): -Flying at least 100km in altitude (Earth – Space limit) -For about 5 minutes. -A really cheap solution : 100 000 USD ! -Few restrictions on physical conditions. - Provided by : SpaceShipOne, the SpaceCraft is able to give us dreams.

12. Conclusion. This will gradually resolve existential questions. Space exploration costs money but allows us to have a better life. Heroes have lost their lives in the human thirst for knowledge.

13. Thank You.