1. 1 Context Mapping Phase 1 Update Sarah Skerratt, SAC

2. 2 Outline of presentation Aim of context mapping Process Where we are now Update so far, focusing on: –Similarities –Differences Discussion

3. 3 Aim of context mapping Identify which bits of your context are impacting on O4O enterprises  Pull these together, so we can see what is similar and what is different in each country At the end of the project, see which bits of context need to change so that O4O-type enterprises can survive

4. 4 Process – how are we doing it? 2 parts: –(i) context maps that you have been doing –(ii) phone interviews with you every 6 months of the project, to address specific points and questions Synthesis of Reports and interviews Picking out key issues

5. 5 Where we are now… You have all finished Phase 1 of the context maps (focusing on O4O, enterprises etc) Some of you have finished Phase 2 (more detailed descriptions of policy landscape) All the first phone interviews (except one) have been completed THANK YOU!!

6. 6 Update: Phase 1 context maps Similarities Differences

7. 7 Similarities amongst O4O Partners [1] AGE: Average age of “older” is pensionable age = 65 Increasing in some countries from 60-68 in next 20+ years PENSION: There is a State pension – age, types (State and Occupational), additional payments for certain needs SERVICE PROVISION: Minimum standards for elderly care - National Care Standards

8. 8 Similarities amongst O4O Partners [2] ACTIVITIES WITH AND FOR ELDERLY Hundreds of organisations – wide range – Church groups, interest groups, physical activities, sports, Bingo, leisure e.g. singing, people with specific disabilities, 1200 in NI, 250 in many other regions… Not coordinated with each other; some “in system”, some “outside system” TYPES OF ENTERPRISES: Timebanks: none amongst O4O partners

9. 9 Differences between O4O Partners [1] PENSION –LEVELS (single) – EURO/month: 408 (NI & Sco); 558 (FI); 1231 (GL); 1588 (SE). –PROPORTION RECEIVING PENSION: From 4% (GL), 16% (NI), 20% (Sco), to 25% (SE)

10. 10 Differences between O4O Partners [1] PENSION –LEVELS (single) – EURO/month: 408 (NI & Sco); 558 (FI); 1231 (GL); 1588 (SE). –PROPORTION RECEIVING PENSION: From 4% (GL), 16% (NI), 20% (Sco), to 25% (SE) WHO CAN PROVIDE? Municipality ONLY, e.g. Lulea Home Care for Elderly Multiple providers Private, voluntary, associations, Social enterprises, Co-ops, Development Trusts, NHS Municipality gives licenses

11. 11 Differences between O4O Partners [2] FUNDING SOURCES? 100% or CO-FUNDING IS REQUIRED

12. 12 Differences between O4O Partners [2] FUNDING SOURCES? Mainly Municipality: Direct & through Commissioning Service provision Wide range of Sources: Membership Fees Bingo Events Funds from Charities & Trusts Social Economy funds Social Entrepreneur funds Development Trusts European sources (devt/other), e.g. LEADER National government: Dept for Social Devt (NI) Sectoral grants (Sco) Other (ALL) Regional Development Agencies (Sco) 100% or CO-FUNDING IS REQUIRED

13. 13 Differences between O4O Partners [3] – “social enterprise” Sco = not-for-profit Se & Fi & Gl: –employer that employs a State-agreed % of labour force from categories such as disabled & long-term unemployed. –Companies are same as other companies in all other respects, i.e. make a profit, trade, generate profits for shareholders –Closest to “social enterprise” in SE, FI & GL is community enterprise/activity, village activity or association. Sco & NI do not have same social enterprise definition as SE, FI & GL (% of labour force).

14. 14 Differences between the partners [4] – Who pays? All have FREE CARE from State except Sweden “Additional services” including “personal care” have to be paid for: –Finland has the most that are free “Additional services” payment is debated… (Sco & NI): –Review (NI) –There is a move towards personal budgets (Sco)

15. 15 Discussion of Challenges: establishing social enterprises 1.Knowing what is going on, who is doing what: Hundreds are active; not coordinated. 2.Knowing which funding sources are available: In some countries, it’s clear; in others, a jungle 3.EXPECTATIONS: Who pays, and who feels it is normal to pay Levels of pension/income the differences in volunteering levels the differences in role of Municipality 4.DEFINITIONS: E.G. Social Enterprise

16. 16 Context Mapping Phase 1 Update Sarah Skerratt, SAC: Sarah.skerratt@sac.ac.uk

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