1. Andrew Wasylyk UNTF 2011 Andrew Wasylyk UNTF 2011

2. plastic zone Fracture process area Plastic zone Defining Limiting Condition

3. Ductile components Primary pipe work is fabricated from Grade 304 stainless steel Typical yield stress 250MPa Typical ductility 60 - 70%

4. Aim Define cases under which structural integrity of ductile components may be solely assessed on plastic collapse criteria, whilst maintaining the integrity of the plant Define cases under which structural integrity of ductile components may be solely assessed on plastic collapse criteria, whilst maintaining the integrity of the plant Fracture above limit load From SPECIMEN to STRUCTURE Size effect!

5. Defining Fracture J-integral – Conventional methodology to define critical crack tip stress field – Validity limits – Dependence on global plasticity

6. Ductile Fracture Local Approach – Rice & Tracey local approach – Defined for ductile behaviour, growth of a void to a critical void volume fraction. – Proportional to stress, strain and triaxiality ahead of the crack tip – Will account for constraint effects.

7. Fracture Toughness Specimens: a/W=0.55 Unloading compliance methodology Crack propagation proportional to elastic unload Global J proportional to area under the load displacement curve Tracking of plasticity development using Digital Image Correlation Experiments Aim  Analyse fracture under a range of Plasticity conditions  Compare methodologies defining fracture under large plasticity conditions

8. Experimental results

9. 25mmCT

10. 15mmCT

11. 10mmCT

12. 25mmCT 15mmCT 10mmCT

13. Finite Element Analysis Boundary Layer analysis 3D Compact Tension

14. Local Approach Rice and Tracey Ductile criterion Void growth in triaxial stress field Generalised form based on a range of shape factors

15. Local Approach

16. Conclusion Fracture behaviour of small scale specimens can be defined using a modified Rice and Tracey approach Small scale specimen can be used to define fracture behaviour without over-conservatism Plasticity is self similar in all specimens

17. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION! Any Questions?

18. Image Correlation Optical tracking of local displacement of features on the surface of the specimen Surface preparation: – 25mm CT: White paint coating with random black speckles – 15mmCT & 10mmCT: Oxalic Acid electro-etching, I=6V,t=12min

19. Fracture above limit load Region I: LEFM Region II: EPFM Region III: J-Q Local Approach Energy Dissipation