1. Ch. 9 Canada’s Physical, Government, and Economy

2. Physical Features Canada is the 2 nd largest landmass 1.Great Lakes – St. Lawrence River 2.Hudson Bay Lowlands 3.Canadian Shield 4.Rocky Mountains 5.Pacific Ocean 6.Atlantic Ocean

3. Great Lakes with St. Lawrence River Created by glacial movement. HOMES – (Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, and Superior) along with the St. Lawrence River form one of the worlds most important shipping routes. Connects great lakes with Atlantic Ocean

4. Hudson Bay Lowlands 3 rd largest wetland in the world It’s a flat, low area covered by swampy forests Difficult for agriculture because it’s frozen most of the year

5. Canadian Shield Foundation of Canada’s landmass The Shield is an extremely old region, formed during the Precambrian era. Region of mostly thin soil lying on top of bedrock, with many bare outcrops of rock & thousands of lakes Natural Resources – Timber, Minerals, and Water Sparsely Populated

6. Rocky Mountains Located in Western Canada Stretch a distance of 2,000 miles Mining is #1 industry, followed by logging Minerals: iron ore, copper, coal, gold Sparsely populated with few cities

7. Pacific and Atlantic Ocean Important links to other countries for trade and travel Provides fishing opportunities

8. Canada’s Government * Recognize the British monarchy * Federal government * 3 branches of govt.

9. Canada’s Government Governor General – Crown’s representative in Canada – Ceremonial office Parliament – Legislative Branch House of Commons (elected) Senate (appointed) – Makes laws – Bills must pass BOTH houses Prime Minister – chosen from House of Commons majority party – Head of Executive Branch – Highest office in Canada

10. 10 Class activity: Using a venn diagram compare the US government and the Canadian government. Class activity: Using a venn diagram compare the US government and the Canadian government. United States Canada Three branches of federal government in Canada & the US and their function within the government.

11. Economics – Market Economy Focus mainly on manufacturing and service industries After looking at image to the left, what country is Canada’s most important trading partner? The United States – Both have Good transportation Similar business practices

12. Canada’s Regions- #1 Atlantic Provinces Although fishing used to be a major industry, overfishing has weakened the job market. Today many people have jobs in manufacturing, mining, and tourism. Although fishing used to be a major industry, overfishing has weakened the job market. Today many people have jobs in manufacturing, mining, and tourism.

13. Canada Region #2- Central & Eastern Ontario – Largest Population – Greatest wealth in Canada – Center for business – manufacturing – Canada’s heartland Quebec is well known for: – Paper Industry – Montreal – industrial and financial center – Hydroelectric Power – Many French-speaking people in Quebec want to secede from Canada, and become their own country.

14. Canada Region #3- The West Farming and ranching- produces large amounts of wheat. Contains some of the world’s largest reserves of oil and natural gas. British Columbia province has deep, rich forests World’s largest producer of newsprint ( type of paper)

15. Canada Region #4- The North Canada’s north covers about 1/3 of the country. This area includes the Yukon Territory, the Northwest Territory, and Nunavut. Many people who live here are indigenous. The main resources are minerals like gold and diamonds. Largest exporter of minerals in the world!