1. INDUSTRIALISATION AND THE RATIONALISATION OF SPORT

2. Life in industrial society
Pre industrial societies had little division between work and leisure.
Leisure / sport followed agricultural calendar and were localised
Industrialisation changed this
A clearer distinction between work and leisure was established

3. Life in industrial society
What changes happened in Britain during the industrial revolution
a) urban changes?
b) transport changes?
How would these changes affect leisure time?
How would these changes affect the sport s that were traditionally played?

4. Life in industrial society
Factory work meant long shifts
Therefore there was little time for leisure
Housing close to factories meant that there was little open space
Sunday was the only free day they had
Passing of employment law changed this resulting in better working conditions

5. Sport in industrial society
What type of sports did
a) the working class
b) the upper class
c) the middle class pursue at this time?

6. Rural Sport
Changes in laws saw the demise of blood sports like animal baiting for the lower classes
Hunting for upper classes survived

7. Town sports
Industry lead to a widespread migration from rural areas into towns.
Less time and less space was available for sport.
Spectatorism became more common
Factory owners created sports facilities and sponsored work teams
Development of railways meant better transport links so recreational trips were popular

8. Town sports A healthy, moral and orderly workforce was encouraged.
Parks and public baths (swimming pools) were built.
There was a shift away from traditional sports and more towards gentler recreational activities

9. Rationalisation of sport
Rationalisation had begun in schools and universities with the introduction of matches between houses and colleges.
Initially fixtures were ad hoc and rules could change mid game depending on the preference of the teams.
As more teams became active there needed to be more organisation

10. Rationalisation of sport
Clubs began to meet to form associations in order to make matches more regular and to establish rules.
Organised sports festivals became popular in the summer
Working classes were given Saturdays off which became a time for sport.

11. Questions and Research
What role did Oxford and Cambridge Universities have in the rationalisation of sport?
Churches and Factories were responsible for the setting up of many teams we know today. What teams originated in this way?
What were the Much Wenlock games and what were their purpose?
How was the Football Association set up and why?
Pedestrianism and prizefighting were popular Victorian sports . What were they, who participated and where were the competitions held?