1. 1 Chapter 6 - Greece's Golden and Hellenistic Ages (478 B.C.–146 B.C.) Mr. C. Dennison – Cardinal Hayes HS Bronx, NY

2. 2 Golden Age In the 400s B.C. Greece entered a new era of cultural progress. Thus, we call this period the _______________of Greek culture.

3. 3 acropolis A high hill called the ____________ was the center of the original city-state.

4. 4 Parthenon At the top of the Acropolis stood the ___________, a white marble temple built in honor of Athena

5. 5 Discus Thrower Myron sculpted the famous figure, The ______________.

6. 6 vases The best preserved Greek paintings are found on ___________

7. 7 human Much of Greek painting and sculpture portrayed gods and goddesses. However, the Greeks also placed great importance on ______________qualities and actions.

8. 8 philosophy One of the Greeks' greatest achievements was the development of ______________, the study of basic questions of reality and human existence. Image: The School of Athens, or Scuola di Atene in Italian, is one of the most famous paintings by the Italian Renaissance artist Raphael. It was painted between 1510 and 1511 as a part of Raphael's commission to decorate with frescoes the rooms now known as the Stanze di Raffaello, in the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican.Italian paintingsItalian Renaissance Raphael1510 1511frescoesStanze di Raffaello Apostolic PalaceVatican

9. Socratic Socrates' way of teaching through questioning has become known as the ________ Method.

10. Plato Socrates never recorded his ideas. Later generations learned of them from the writings of _______, a wealthy young aristocrat and the greatest of Socrates’ students.

11. Republic Plato was also interested in politics. The ___________ is a long dialogue describing Plato's view of the perfect society.

12. aristocracy Plato's ideal government was an________________ - a government ruled by an upper class.

13. Ethics One of Plato's students in the Academy was a young man named Aristotle. In his book ____, Aristotle tried to learn what brings people happiness.

14. Pythagoras ___________ was a philosopher who believed that everything could be explained in terms of mathematics.

15. Hippocrates The Greeks excelled in medicine. ___________ who lived between about 460 B.C. and about 377 B.C., is considered to be the founder of medical science.

16. 16 disease Hippocrates taught that ________comes from natural causes, not as punishment from the gods.

17. 17 Herodotus ___________ was the first historian of the Western world. Image: In the figure of the Persian king Xerxes, Herodotus achieved a magisterial portrait of an unstable despot, an archetype that has plagued the sleep of liberal democracies ever since.

18. 18 Peloponnesian War Another Greek historian, Thucydides (thoo· SID ·uh·deez), became famous for his History of the___________ _____________.

19. 19 dramas The Greeks were the first people to write___________- plays containing action or dialogue and involving conflict and emotion.

20. 20 tragedies In Greek __________, the main character struggled against fate, or events.

21. 21 Philip II Macedon was a rising kingdom in the Macedonian region to the north of Greece. In 359 B.C. a young man named ______of Macedon became king.

22. 22 phalanx ( FAY ·langks) A________contained rows of soldiers standing shoulder to shoulder.

23. 23 orators One of Athens's finest___________, or public speakers, was Demosthenes. He led Athenian opposition to Philip.

24. 24 Alexander Philip had given his son,__________, the best training and education possible.

25. 25 Hellenistic Alexander the Great’s reign spread a new culture throughout much of the world. No longer purely Hellenic, or Greek, this new "Greek-like" way of life became known as the _________________ culture.

26. 26 Alexandria ____________, Egypt-the biggest Hellenistic city, became a leading commercial center.

27. 27 library The _________at Alexandria, Egypt contained thousands of papyrus scrolls.

28. 28 stoic Zeno established the ________philosophy in Athens in the late 300s B.C. He and his followers believed that divine reason directs the world. Thus people should accept their fate without complaint.

29. 29 Christian Stoics believed that every person had some "spark" of the divine within. People could achieve happiness only by following this spark. The Stoics greatly influenced Roman and_______thinking.

30. 30 Diogenes (dy· AHJ ·uh·neez). The Cynics taught that people should live simply and naturally, without regard for pleasure, wealth, or social status. The best- known Cynic was _______________.

31. 31 geometry Greeks of the Hellenistic Age became outstanding scientists and mathematicians. Euclid contributed extremely important work to the development of______________.

32. 32 Archimedes Probably the greatest scientist of the Hellenistic period was _________. He calculated the value of pi, the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter.

33. 33 planets Aristarchus correctly believed that the earth and other_______ moved around the sun, but he failed to convince others.

34. 34 Eratosthenes Hellenistic geographers knew that Earth was round. At Alexandria, _______ calculated the distance around the earth with amazing accuracy.

35. Fun Facts About Greece

36. Greece includes many islands

37. No part of Greece is more than 85 miles from the sea

38. Tossing an apple to a girl was a traditional way of proposing

39. stade The first olympics were in 776 BCE and there was one event, a short 200 meter sprint called a __________.

40. Married women could be put to death for watching the games!

41. Pegasus In Greek mythology, Pegasus is the winged horse that was fathered by Poseidon with Medusa. When her head was cut of by the Greek hero Perseus, the horse sprang forth from her pregnant body. When the horse was drinking from the well Pirene on the Acrocotinth, Bellerophon's fortress, the Corinthian hero was able to capture the horse by using a golden bridle, a gift from Athena. The gods then gave him Pegasus for killing the monster Chimera but when he attempted to mount the horse it threw him off and rose to the heavens, where it became a constellation.PoseidonMedusaPerseus Bellerophon AthenaChimera

43. Poseidon (Greek: Ποσειδ ῶ ν; Latin: Neptūnus) was the god of the sea, storms, and, as "Earth-Shaker," of earthquakes in Greek mythology.GreekLatin Neptūnussea earthquakesGreek mythology