1. Ecology Laws  The Resource development has in impact on its environment.To understand fully this sort of impact,we must develop some knowledge of ecology,the science that studies the way organisms relate to one another and to their physical surroundings.

2. The Essence of Ecology Laws Law IEverything is connected to everything else. Law IIEverything Must go somewhere. Law IIINature knows the best. Law IVThere is no such thing as free lunch. The Source:Were First Formulated by Barry Commoner in 1971 The Closing Circle:Nature,Man,and Technology

3. Assignment Copy the table and in each of the four rows in the first columns,write out one of Barry Commoner’s four laws of ecology.In the corresponding rows in the second column,explain each law in your own words.In the third column,provide one example to illustrate each law.

4. Read Pages 236-243 of Global Connections Laws of Ecology Law ILaw IILaw III Formulation of each Law Explanation in your own words Examples to illustrate each law

5. The essence of ecology laws( answers) Laws of EcologyExplanationExample Everything is connected to everything else Nature sustains itself through an elaborate system of recycling When one species in a food chain disappears(e.g.,high-order predators),then all members of the food chain are affected Everything must go somewhere In nature,nothing disappears.Matter may change form,but it is indestructible. Toxins in a landfill do not disappear. They either stay where they are or leach our environment. Nature knows bestNatural selection is based on sustainability.Human tampering is bound to disturb an ages-old equilibrium. Natural forest regeneration produces a far superior forest than human reforestation. There is no such thing as free lunch There are consequences for every action Overfishing eventually reduces the fish populations to unsustainable levels.

6. Examine the case study on China’s Three Gorges Dam  Pros ( briefly list in point form the arguments in favour of the project)  1  2  3  Cons (List in point form the arguments against it)  1  2  3

7. Pros and Cons of China’s Three Gorges Dam (answers)  18200 MW of electricity  Flood control  Source of water for irrigation  Creation of a deep,navigable waterway upstream,thereby increasing trade between the interior and the coast of China,thereby increasing living standards in the interior  A reduction in the country’s reliance on coal-fired energy systems,reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases  Large financial investment  Displacement of over 1 million people  Flood control not as effective as reported  Navigation will not be without problems,costs,and risk  Silting will create problems with the generators  Built in a n active tectonic zone,leading to risk  Fields downriver will be deprived of valuable silt deposits held behind the dam  Pollution from human and industrial waste will be pumped to the lake from coastal settlement  Resettled people will require new living and farming space  Reduction in river fish stocks  Endangered species will come under greater pressure to survive  Alternative options may be less harmful,overall  Historic and archaeological sites will be flooded