1. Tuesday 5-7-13 Do Now: Read MSP book standard LS2 (Life Science #2)

2. Content Standard: 6-8 LS2A An ecosystem consists of all the populations living within a specific area and the nonliving factors they interact with. One geographical area may contain many ecosystems.

3. Content Standard: 6-8 LS2A Students are expected to: Explain that an ecosystem is a defined area that contains populations of organisms and nonliving factors.Explain thatecosystempopulation organismfactor Give examples of ecosystems (e.g., Olympic National Forest, Puget Sound, one square foot of lawn) and describe their boundaries and contents.ecosysteme.g. describe

4. LS2A: Ecosystems A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment Or: An ecosystem is formed by the interactions between all living and non-living things

5. LS2A Ecosystems: Fundamental Characteristics Structure: ( Living & Nonliving) Process: (Interaction) – Energy flow – Cycling of matter (chemicals) Change: Dynamic (not static) Video: Mt St Helens 3:22

6. Content Standard: 6-8 LS2B Energy flows through an ecosystem from producers (plants) to consumers to decomposers. These relationships can be shown for specific populations in a food web.

7. Content Standard: 6-8 LS2B Students are expected to: Analyze the flow of energy in a local ecosystem, and draw a labeled food web showing the relationships among all of the ecosystem's plant and animal populations.Analyzeenergyecosystemfood web relationship population

8. Modified from: General Ecology, by David T. Krome Trophic level: All the organisms that are the same number of food-chain steps from the primary source of energy

9. Energy Pyramid Bottom –greatest energy Top –least energy Source: corpuschristiisd.org/user_files /91702/Ecosystem.ppt

10. Food Chains Producers – Consumers - Decomposers One ecosystem will contain many food chains Food chains show where energy is transferred and not who eats who.

11. Example of a Food Chain

12. © 2003 John Wiley and Sons Publishers Food web of a hot spring

13. Video Food Webs 2:00

14. Content Standard: 6-8 LS2C The major source of energy for ecosystems on Earth's surface is sunlight. Producers transform the energy of sunlight into the chemical energy of food through photosynthesis. This food energy is used by plants, and all other organisms to carry on life processes. Nearly all organisms on the surface of Earth depend on this energy source.

15. Content Standard: 6-8 LS2C Students are expected to: Explain how energy from the Sun is transformed through photosynthesis to produce chemical energy in food.Explain howenergyphotosynthesis Explain that plants are the only organisms that make their own food. Animals cannot survive without plants because animals get food by eating plants or other animals that eat plants.Explain that organism

16. Chloroplast structure Chloroplasts are the organelles in plant cells that contain the pigment CHLOROPHYLL.

17. OVERVIEW OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS PLANTS TAKE IN CO 2 AND H 2 O PLANTS MAKE GLUCOSE AND OXYGEN SUNLIGHT PROVIDES THE ENERGY FOR PHOTOSYNTHESIS

18. Photosynthesis water carbon dioxide oxygen glucose TAKE IN USE MAKE PLANTS (producers) light chlorophyll How does it work?

19. Close up on a plant cell: Cell wall Cell membrane Nucleus Large vacuole Cytoplasm Chloroplasts (containing chlorophyll)

20. Video Photosynthesis Bill Nye 2:10 Photosynthesis song 3:11

21. Content Standard: 6-8 LS2D Ecosystems are continuously changing. Causes of these changes include nonliving factors such as the amount of light, range of temperatures, and availability of water, as well as living factors such as the disappearance of different species through disease, predation, habitat destruction and overuse of resources or the introduction of new species.

22. Content Standard: 6-8 LS2D Students are expected to: Predict what may happen to an ecosystem if nonliving factors change (e.g., the amount of light, range of temperatures, or availability of water or habitat), or if one or more populations are removed from or added to the ecosystem. ecosystemfactore.g.temperaturehabitatpopulation

23. 6/5/03M-DCC / PCB 2340C23 Primary Succession Never had a community living within it Example: New lava or rock from a volcano that makes a new island.

24. 6/5/03M-DCC / PCB 2340C24 Primary Succession

25. 6/5/03M-DCC / PCB 2340C25 The Circle of Life in Secondary Succession

27. Natural vs. Managed

28. May 18, 1980 Where can we study ecological succession in Washington State? How Ecosystems Change 3:19

29. Content Standard: 6-8 LS2E Investigations of environmental issues should uncover factors causing the problem and relevant scientific concepts and findings that may inform an analysis of different ways to address the issue.

30. Content Standard: 6-8 LS2E Students are expected to: Investigate a local environmental issue by defining the problem, researching possible causative factors, understanding the underlying science, and evaluating the benefits and risks of alternative solutions.Investigatefactorsciencesolution Identify resource uses that reduce the capacity of ecosystems to support various populations (e.g., use of pesticides, construction).ecosystempopulatione.g.

31. LS2E Videos Dangers of Genetic Engineering 4:03 Mardon Skipper Washington 2:00

32. Exit 1.What is the LT? 2.What did I learn? 3.How did I learn it the best? 4.Where can I learn more?

33. 6/5/03M-DCC / PCB 2340C33 Two types of Ecological Succession Primary Succession: To life previously existed. Secondary Succession: Follows a disturbance in an ecosystem.

34. 6/5/03M-DCC / PCB 2340C34 Secondary Succession Habitat partially destroyed Fire, Tornado, landslide, volcano. Soil is already in place 5X – 10 X faster than primary succession.

35. 6/5/03M-DCC / PCB 2340C35 Does Ecological Succession Ever Stop? Any ecosystem, no matter how inherently stable and persistent, could be subject to massive external disruptive forces (like fires and storms). Never absolutely accurate to say that succession has stopped.