1. Haydn’s The Creation

38. Advances in Astronomy During the Scientific Revolution

39. Essential Question: What are the difficulties and risks of making new discoveries and proposing revolutionary ideas?

40. Classical Greeks Constellations Ptolemy’s Drawing of the Universe

41. Nicholas Copernicus Polish 1473-1543 Founder of modern astronomy Celestial observations No instrument

42. Ptolemy vs. Copernicus

43. Heliocentric Theory of the Universe

45. Tycho Brahe 1572 Discovers a supernova in constellation Cassiopeia

46. Hans Lippershey Netherlands 1608 Spectacles maker invents the telescope

47. Galileo Galilei 1564-1641 Italy In 1609 he uses the telescope for astronomical purposes

48. Discovers 4 of Jupiter’s Moons

49. Studied Moon’s Craters

50. Saturn’s Rings

51. Milky Way & Universe

52. Inquisition 1633 Pope Urban VIII put Galileo on trial

53. Galileo’s Impact Application of mathematics to the study of motion Focus not on why but how Observation & measurement: time, distance, acceleration Uncovered the fundamental relationship between distance and time

54. “Philosophy is written in this grand book the universe, but one cannot understand unless one first learns to comprehend the language (mathematics).”

55. Johannes Kepler 1571-1630 German astronomer Known for his laws of planetary motion

56. Law 1: Orbits are Elliptical

57. Law 2: Speed of Planets It takes a planet the same amount of time to go from A to B as it does from C to D = the closer they are to the sun the faster planets move.

58. The square of any planet’s orbital period is proportional to the cube of its mean distance from the sun Law 3: P 2 = A 3