1. Discover Activity: How Large are Cells?
Ch. 2-4: Looking Inside Cells Key Concepts: Identify the role of the cell wall and the cell membrane in the cell, describe the functions of cell organelles, explain how cells are organized in many-celled organisms.
Discover Activity: How Large are Cells?
Multiply your height in meters by 1,000 to get your height in millimeters. (1 meter = about 3 feet).
How many amoebas would you have to stack end-to-end to equal your height?
Many of the cells in your body are about 0.01 mm long—one hundredth of the size of an amoeba. How many body cells would you have to stack end-to-end to equal your height?
Why can’t you see your body’s cells without the aid of a microscope?

2. Enter the Cell Organelles
Cell structures that carry out specific functions within the cell
Organelles
Rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cell of plants and some other organisms.
Helps: protect and support the cell
Cell Wall
Controls what substances come into and out of a cell.
Cell Membrane

3. Nuclear Envelope Sail On to the Nucleus Chromatin Nucleolus
Nucleus: the cell’s control center, directs all of the cell’s activities
Nuclear Envelope
Protects the nucleus
Materials pass in and out of the nucleus through its pores
Contains genetic material: instructions for directing the cell’s functions
Chromatin
Where ribosomes are made: organelle where proteins are produced
Nucleolus

4. Draw and label the nucleus and its structures
Drawing should include: nuclear envelope, nucleolus, pores, and chromatin.

5. Organelles of the Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm: region between the cell membrane and the nucleus
Known as the “powerhouses” of the cell
Converts energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use
Mitochondria
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Passageways that carry proteins and other materials throughout the cell
Small grainlike bodies
Factories to produce proteins
Ribosomes

6. Organelles of the Cytoplasm (Continued)
Golgi Bodies
Cell’s Mail Room
Receives proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum
Packages and distributes them to other parts of cell
Capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food
Makes leaves green
Chloroplasts

7. Organelles of the Cytoplasm (Continued)
Water-filled sac
Storage area of cells
Stores food and other materials needed by cell
Vacuoles
Small, round structures
Contains chemicals that break down materials in the cell
Lysosomes

8. Tissues Specialized Cells Organs Organ Systems
Plants and animals contain many cells. In many-celled organisms cells are specialized to perform specific functions
Tissues
Group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function
e.g. Nerve tissue
Group of different tissues working together
e.g. Your brain
Organs
Group of different organs working together to perform a major function
e.g. Your nervous system
Organ Systems

9. Lab Zone: Skills Activity
Follow procedures 1-5 from Lab Zone Skills Activity p. 66.
2. Draw what you see: Draw what you see:
Lab Questions:
How are plant and animal cells alike? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
How are plant and animal cells different?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10. 3-D Model of a Cell
Make your own model of a cell. You can either follow the directions listed on page 62 for a jello cell or come up with your own creative way to create a 3D model of either an animal or a plant cell.
Create a 3D model of a cell inside of your 3D model use different materials that resemble the structures found in the cell you are modeling
Structures for animal cells: nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi body, cell membrane, vacuole, lysosomes, mitochondria, cytoplasm, ribosomes
Structures for plant cells: nucleus, cytoplasm, ribosomes, Golgi body, mitochondrion, cell membrane, vacuole, chloroplasts, cell wall, endoplasmic reticulum
On a sheet of paper, create a key that identifies each cell structure in your model. Describe the function of each structure.