1. The MAX-lab facility Glasgow September 2008 BS 1

2. 2 MAX I MAX III MAX II FEL Injector Nuclear Physics area MAX I storage ring (550 MeV)/stretcher 1986 MAX II storage ring (1.5 GeV) 1995 MAX III storage ring (.7 GeV) 2007 FEL (test facility) 2007 MAX IV proposal 2007 (VR governement) 40 weeks per year SR at MAX II, MAX III 22 weeks per year SR at MAX I 18 weeks per year nuclear physics at MAX I (4 x 4 weeks + 1 x 2 weeks) The MAX-lab facility

3. Glasgow September 2008 BS 3 MAX-lab Staff: 80 PhD students located at MAX-lab: 13 MAX-lab is a national facility funded by the Swedish Research Council (VR 50 MSEK) and Lund University (20 MSEK). Two Divisions belonging to the Natural Science Faculty: Accelerator Physics and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, are placed at MAX-lab. MAX-lab is foremost a synchrotron radiation facility.

4. Glasgow September 2008 BS 4 linac gun chicane 250 MeV 500 MeV Injector overview recirculator Two linacs with a recirculator for injection into MAX II and MAX III. Nominal: 125 MeV per linac Actual: 100 MeV per linac Space limitations prevent recirculation for injection into MAX I To MAX I

5. Glasgow September 2008 BS 5 For nuclear physics, the linacs operate at 10 Hz giving an electron pulse some 100-200 ns wide. The electron beam is injected into the stretcher ring MAX I. The electron beam is extracted slowly during the 100 ms interval between pulses from the injector. The stored electrons are shaked and move towards the thin extraction septum. The average beam current in the ring is about 20 mA, resulting in an extracted current of 20 nA (10 6 ). Cavity to compensate synchrotron light losses in the dipole magnets Lars-Johan Lindgren

6. Glasgow September 2008 BS 6 The synchrotron light from a bending magnet observed with a CCD camera. The division is 20 ms. The electrons in the ring are almost entirely extracted between injections. The extracted beam seen by a nuclear detector in the experimental area. Shown is a TDC spectrum started by the linac trigger and stopped by an event in the detector (in this case a NaI(Tl)). The spectrum was obtained during a tagging efficiency measurement with the NaI detector as trigger. Part of the events are accidentals from cosmic radiation.

7. Glasgow September 2008 BS 7 Experimental area Shielding indicated by BUNI DIANA CATS

8. Glasgow September 2008 BS 8 EeEe 30 o dipole 50 o magnet Beam dump FC ET MT Photon beam E Dump magnet Focal plane hodoscope E radiator E = E e – E SAL tagging spectrometers MT: Main tagger ET: EndPoint tagger FC: Faraday cup Scale: 6 m between pillars

9. Glasgow September 2008 BS 9 MT setting 340setting 460 Main Tagger Setting 460 Setting 340 The MT settings are determined by the magnetic field in the tagging magnet ET

10. Glasgow September 2008 BS 10 31 MeV 95 MeVE e = 188,5 (MeV) MT setting 340 SAL focal plane hodoscope E = (95-31)/62 1 MeV The focal plane hodoscope consists of 63 scintillators with 50 % overlap resulting in 62 channels.

11. The collimator arrangement for the November - December 2006 deuterium run. MT vacuum 400 The collimator assembly consists of a heavymet main collimator, 108.5 mm long, with an entrance opening of 12 mm and an exit opening of 13 mm. The outer diameter of the main collimator is 80 mm. With the collimator inset used, the opening angle is 3,3 mr. The beam spot size at the target position is then expected to have a diameter of 37 mm. This agrees well with photos taken during the deuterium run. Collimator assembly cell center distance to ET radiator: 3 585,3 mm distance to MT radiator: 1 689,5 mm 144 Target 3299,5 12545 Lead brick 2485 Glasgow September 2008 BS

12. 12

13. Glasgow September 2008 BS 13 Tagger settingE e (MeV)E (MeV) MT 460146,357,5 – 92,00,56 154,157,0 – 95,50,59 163,064,1 – 102,80,62 171,767,52 – 108,20,66 179,270,0 – 112,910,69 188,574,1 – 118,80,72 MT 340146,326,2 – 73,10,76 ET146,3100 – 1160,5 188,5162 – 1750,42 194167 - 1800,41 Energy ranges

14. Dmytro Pugachov Glasgow September 2008 BS The location of the focal plane for three different positions of the radiator at the MT. Old target 6.55 cm refers to the SAL radiator wheel in the normal position slightly inside the magnetic field. Old target -18.55 cm refers to the SAL radiator wheel in a position outside teh magnetic field after a 180 o rotation of the wheel. Crystal -26.5 cm refers to the position of the center of the goniometer. Coherent bremsstrahlung

15. New radiator chamber Goniometer The goniometer may be removed and replaced by the SAL radiator wheel within a few hours. The electron beam Glasgow September 2008 BS

16. The goniometer at MAX-lab Glasgow September 2008 BS Two 2 week periods have been used for commissioning of the coherent beam with the participation of the Kharkov group and Ken Livingstone from Glasgow. Vladimir Ganenko will report on these tests. The project was supported by the I3HP JRA3 EuroTag funding a postdoc, Dmytro Pugachov, for two years. The equipment was funded by the Swedish Research Council and the Royal Physiographic Society in Lund.

17. Glasgow September 2008 BS 17

18. Glasgow September 2008 BS 18 Magnus Lundin, Thesis; http://www.maxlab.lu.se/kfoto/Publications/Thesis/lundin.pdf

19. Glasgow September 2008 BS 19

20. Glasgow September 2008 BS 20 TOF spectrum from Carbon with an energy cut selecting elastically scattered photons. The structure separated by 305 ns is caused by the shaker (3.3 MHz). The structure separated by 108 ns is caused by uneven filling of the ring (circumference 32 m).

21. Glasgow September 2008 BS 21 Luke Myers Tagging efficiency

22. Glasgow September 2008 BS 22 Proposed experiments in December 2004 Proposal No. 1 Photodisintegration of Li-isotopesPhotodisintegration of Li-isotopes Proposal No. 2 the total photoabsorption cross section of 6,7 Li below -thresholdthe total photoabsorption cross section of 6,7 Li below -threshold Proposal No. 3 Compton scattering from 4 He and 12 CCompton scattering from 4 He and 12 C Proposal No. 4 PARTIAL REACTIONS OF PION PHOTOPRODUCTION AT LIGHT NUCLEIPARTIAL REACTIONS OF PION PHOTOPRODUCTION AT LIGHT NUCLEI Proposal No. 5 Measurement of Photoreactions on Helium Isotopes using Gas- Scintillator Active TargetsMeasurement of Photoreactions on Helium Isotopes using Gas- Scintillator Active Targets Proposal No. 6 Elastic Compton Scattering from Deuterium at 40-110 MeVElastic Compton Scattering from Deuterium at 40-110 MeV Proposal No. 7 Threshold Neutral Pion Photoproduction in Hydrogen and DeuteriumThreshold Neutral Pion Photoproduction in Hydrogen and Deuterium Proposal No. 8 Photofission of Heavy Actinide Nuclei at MAX-LabPhotofission of Heavy Actinide Nuclei at MAX-Lab Proposal No. 9 Low-pressure MWPC Technique in Nuclear Experiments with Electron and Photon ProbeLow-pressure MWPC Technique in Nuclear Experiments with Electron and Photon Probe Proposal No. 10 INITIAL COMMISSIONING OF THE Ge6 ARRAY AT MAXLABINITIAL COMMISSIONING OF THE Ge6 ARRAY AT MAXLAB Proposal No. 11 Study of the Halo Nucleus 6 He using the 6 Li(, + ) 6 He ReactionStudy of the Halo Nucleus 6 He using the 6 Li(, + ) 6 He Reaction Proposal No. 12 Deeply Bound Pionic Atoms from the (,p) ReactionDeeply Bound Pionic Atoms from the (,p) Reaction Proposal No. 13 High-resolution Measurement of the 4 He(,pn) ReactionHigh-resolution Measurement of the 4 He(,pn) Reaction Proposal No. 14 Charged Pion Photoproduction from Threshold up to the First- Resonance RegionCharged Pion Photoproduction from Threshold up to the First- Resonance Region + a few more in 2006.

23. Glasgow September 2008 BS 23 Runperiod 1 2005.05.09 - 2005.06.06 Runperiod 2 2005.09.19 - 2005.10.03 Runperiod 3 2005.10.17 - 2005.10.31 Runperiod 4 2005.12.05 - 2005.12.19 Runperiod 5 2006.02.13 - 2006.03.13 Runperiod 6 2006.04.24 - 2006.05.22 Runperiod 7 2006.10.16 - 2006.11.06 Runperiod 8 2006.11.27 - 2006.12.18 Runperiod 9 2007.02.12 - 2007.03.12 Runperiod 10 2007.04.16 - 2007.04.30 Runperiod 11 2007.05.28 - 2007.06.25 Runperiod 12 2007.09.10 - 2007.10.08 Runperiod 13 2007.11.05 - 2007.12.03 Runperiod 14 2008.02.18 - 2008.03.17 Editor: Kevin Fisum Run Reports

24. New focal plane hodoscope An application to the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation was submitted in December 2007 and funded in June 2008. The design is very similar to the Glasgow design for the tagger in Mainz. We will use the same electronic boards designed by John Annand and the same Hamamatsu 10 mm diameter PM tubes. The application also covers new data aquisition equipment. The length of the focal plane for the MT is 1240 mm, and for the ET 1330 mm. We will build a 1200 mm long hodoscope with 160 scintillators, each 3 x 10,5 x 60 mm. Glasgow September 2008 BS Electron energy (MeV) Photon energy range (MeV) Photon energy resolution (MeV) Tagging system 10039 – 700.21MT (460) 10017.6 – 41.20.29MT (340) 15058.7 – 104.30.32MT (460) 19074.3 – 132.20.41MT (460) 210155 – 1900.25ET 250195 – 2300.25ET

25. Glasgow September 2008 BS MT ET 15 mm diameter

26. Glasgow September 2008 BS Mainz The Lund design (the cards are not shown) limited by the requirement that the scintillator array must be rotated.

27. Glasgow September 2008 BS Overview of the Lund focal plane hodoscope with the actual dimensions of the electronic cards seen in the photo.

28. Glasgow September 2008 BS 28 Design goals: electron energy 100 – 250 MeV intensity 40 nA N ~ 1 MHz/MeV 75 % duty cycle Today:electron energy 144 – 200 MeV intensity 30 nA N ~ 0.5 MHz/MeV 75 % duty cycle Remaining issues:maximum electron energy time structure in the beam

29. Seattle June 2008 BS29 The local nuclear physics group (Jason Brudvik, Kevin Fisum, Kurt Hansen, Lennart Isaksson, Magnus Lundin and BS) acknowledge the support by the European Community - Research Infrastructure Action under the FP6 "Structuring the European Research Area" Programme (through the Integrated Infrastructure Initiative "HadronPhysics"), and furthermore the support by the Swedish Research Council, the Craaford Foundation, the Wennergren Foundation, the Royal Physiographic Society in Lund and the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation.

30. Glasgow September 2008 BS 30 Beam monitors In-beam monitor, John Annand PILATUS, Roger Rassool, Vivien Lee, Roger Peake CCD camera, Kurt Hansen, Jenny Ber, Claire Van Ngoc Ty

31. Glasgow September 2008 BS 31 John Annand This in-beam monitor is used for experiments upstream of the target. The ratio between the count rate of the in-beam monitor and the count rate in the focal plane is proportional to the tagging efficiency and may be used to monitor this quantity during a run.

32. Glasgow September 2008 BS 32 The pixel apparatus for the SLS is a novel type of X-ray detector developed at the Swiss Light Source. It is a two-dimensional hybrid pixel array detector operating in a single-photon counting mode. The module used at MAX-lab is composed of approximately 100 000 172 m square pixels arranged in a matrix 487 x 192. It comprises a preamplifier, a comparator and a counter. The readout time is 5 ms. The count rate may be as high as 1,5 MHz/s/pixel. The detector is mainly sensitive to X-rays with energies below 20-50 keV.

33. Glasgow September 2008 BS 33 The socalled time in pulse spectrum. A TDC is started by the machine trigger and stopped by a recoil electron in the focal plane hodoscope.

34. Glasgow September 2008 BS 34 Poor (wo)mans version of PILATUS CURIX ORTHO FINE Gadolinium A Win TV Express from Hauppauge produces 25 frames per second at a resolution 384 x 288 pixels on the computer screen. Frames may be grapped and saved as a jpeg file. The TV card is controlled with a C/C++ program using root for the processing and for the graphics. http://www.maxlab.lu.se/kfoto/Publications/Master/berg.pdf ASTOVID StellaCam II TM

35. Glasgow September 2008 BS 35 Threshold set at 0 Threshold set at 100

36. Glasgow September 2008 BS 36 Threshold set at 90 The beam is moved in the vertical direction