1. SS8H5: Student will explain significant factors that affected the development of Georgia as part of the growth of the United States between 1789 and 1840.
Explain the establishment of the University of Georgia, Louisville, and the spread of the Baptists and Methodist churches.
Evaluate the impact of the land policies pursued by Georgia; include the headright system, land lotteries, and the Yazoo Land Fraud.

2. Georgia State Constitution: 1789
Resembled new US Constitution
Called for a bicameral legislature and three branches of government: executive, judicial, and legislative
Included plans for local governments
Responsible for keeping records and establishing a system of law
County seat was the center of local government: courthouse and jail located there
Counties had to be small enough so that citizens could make it back home in one day
As counties grew, they were divided into 2 seats
Amendments
Changed the way of electing governor: both houses would elect
Legislature would meet in January
Louisville (present-day Jefferson County) would be the new state capital

3. Post-Revolutionary Georgia
Education
Slow growth; many not schooled
Governor Lyman Hall recommended state set aside land for schools; few built
1784: set aside land and named trustees for a state college
Land Grant University: federal government gave land
1785: University of Georgia (Oldest school of its kind)
First Building: Franklin College
1786: Georgia Legislature required all counties to open schools
Wealthy could afford colleges
Females not admitted to UGA until 1918
The building of the University of Georgia

4. Creating a Capital City
For much of Georgia’s early history, the capital rotated between Savannah and Augusta
Savannah became difficult to get to for citizens who moved inland
Augusta was too far east
1786: legislature appointed a commission to find a site for the new, centrally located capital
Funds to purchase 1000 acres of land—city was to be modeled after then-US capital of Philadelphia
Legislature required that the new location be 20 miles from an Indian trading post on the Ogeechee River (present-day Jefferson County)
Insisted the new capital be called “Louisville” to honor King Louis XVI of France (helped in the Rev. War)
1796: New Capital in Louisville finished; served as capital for 10 years
February 21, 1796: Holy Fire From Heaven (Yazoo land sales records burned in front of the capital steps)
1804: With western expansion, legislature voted to build a new capital in Baldwin County (Milledgeville)

5. Post-Revolutionary Georgia
Religion
Churches grew in size and importance
Anglican, Quakers, Baptists, Methodists…
1787: Springfield Baptist founded by free blacks
1788: First African Baptist Church in Savannah est. by Andrew Bryan
Jewish synagogue established in Savannah
1796: 1st Catholic church in Wilkes County
1801: Savannah
Sunday and weekday services
Buildings used as town meetings

6. Post-Revolutionary Georgia: Religion
Great Revival Movement
Early 1800’s: popular religious revivals in the form of camp meetings, very popular in the South
Popular among Methodists
Mid 1800’s: Church membership grew
By 1860, 2393 churches in the state
Methodist and Baptist largest denominations
Slaves generally attended church with their masters, so there was little segregation in churches
Impact of Slavery
Methodists in the South pulled out of their national organization over slavery and formed the Methodist Episcopal Church
Baptists in the South left the American Baptist Union when its foreign ministry board would not accept slave owners as missionaries (formed the Southern Baptist Convention)

7. Yazoo Land Fraud
A scam by the Georgia Legislature and Governor George Matthews in which 4 land companies BRIBED them to sell land at a reduced rate (1795)
Citizens were upset as the companies turned around to sell the land back to them at much higher prices
Results
People involved were thrown out of office
Records burned “God save the State, and long preserve her rights and may every attempt to injure them perish, as these wicked and corrupt acts now do!”
Money returned to state
Indians were forced off their land
Georgia lost a large part of its land from the Trustee Period (Alabama and Mississippi Territory)
Chattahoochee River becomes western boundary of Georgia
Federal Government gave Georgia money and promised to help with Indian removal
TRAIL OF TEARS

8. Thomas Jefferson’s Monticello
United States Events
Thomas Jefferson’s Monticello
1803: Louisiana Purchase— Thomas Jefferson (3rd President) bought the Louisiana Territory (Mississippi River to Rocky Mountains) for $15 million from France.
France needed the money to fight the war in Europe against Britain
Britain impressed (took) American sailors and forced them into the British navy
Jefferson began an embargo of Britain (Ignored by merchants)
Stopped all trade with…
Britain was viewed worse than France due to their control of the Atlantic, impression, and their alliance with the Indians

9. War of 1812
Warhawks pushed the U.S. government to go to war with Great Britain
Southern and Western frontiersmen and land owners
June 1812: James Madison asked Congress to declare war
1814: British forces invaded Washington D.C.
Burned the Capitol and White House
Treaty of Ghent: ended the war returned everything to the way it was before the war
Battle of New Orleans: Andrew Jackson fought and defeated British forces AFTER the treaty was signed
Battle of New Orleans
Treaty of Ghent

10. Battle of Horseshoe Bend
Tallapoosa River In Alabama
Georgia in the War of 1812
March 1814: Andrew Jackson defeated a band of Upper Creek Indians, known as Red Sticks, in the Battle of Horseshoe Bend, on the Tallapoosa River

11. Treaty of Ghent Ghent a city in Belgium
United States received NO new territory
Proved to the rest of the world that the U.S. was willing to fight for it’s continued independence
States began to feel united as one nation
Economy changed
Industry grew

12. Land and Westward Movement
With the defeat of the British and their Indian allies, came the desire of the U.S. and its citizens to move west.
West is central/western present day Georgia and the Alabama/Mississippi territory.
Public Domain Lands: belonging to state or federal government
Headright System: each white male counted as a ‘head’ and could receive up to 1000 acres
Land east of the Oconee River belonging originally to Indians
Largely replaced by a land lottery in 1803
Land Lottery: for a fee, white males over 21 could buy a chance to win land
Heads of households with children, war veterans, and widows were given extra chances