1. Internationalization in PHP: PmWiki’s approach Dr. Patrick R. Michaud September 13, 2005

2. This presentation demonstrates internationalization (i18n) in PmWiki Introduction to PmWiki Implementing I18n in PmWiki Internationalization issues Unicode UTF-8 ISO-8859-1 CJKM

3. PmWiki is a wiki-based system for collaborative maintenance of websites A wiki allows editing via a web browser Uses simple markup (similar to email) Easy to create pages and links between pages

4. PmWiki is designed for needs of web and content administrators Easy to install and upgrade Simple configuration Skin capabilities Markup customization

5. PmWiki has an active user base. 400+ mailing list subscribers Hundreds of sites globally 200+ “add-on” recipes 14 languages

6. Internationalization is often abbreviated “i18n” Internationalization 18 characters

7. We want to provide language-specific programmatic prompts

9. In PmWiki, all prompts are passed through a special formatting function $[Edit] - $[History] - $[Print] - $[Recent Changes] - $[Search] $[Page last modified on $LastModified] The $[phrase] sequence is a special marker used by PmWiki to indicate a translatable phrase

10. Translations for phrases are held in a global lookup table $XL = array( ‘Edit’ => ‘Editer’, ‘View’ => ‘Vue’, ‘Save’ => ‘Enregistrer’, …);

11. A special XL() function returns a phrase’s translation, or the phrase function XL($key) { global $XL; if (isset($XL[$key])) return $XL [$key]; return $key; } Phrases without a translation in the table are thus left in English.

12. Strings can be easily converted using a preg_replace() function XL($key) { global $XL; if (isset($XL[$key])) return $XL [$key]; return $key; } $str = preg_replace( '/ \\$\\[ ([^\\]]+) \\] /ex', "XL('$1'))", $str);

13. PmWiki allows the translation table to be loaded from wiki pages

14. Proper internationalization requires selecting an appropriate character set In HTML, specified in the or in tag Common choices: utf-8 (Unicode) iso-8859-1(Latin-1) Best is to standardize on utf-8 if possible PHP can have difficulties with Unicode

15. Locales can be used for language- specific dates and times. $x = strftime(‘%c’, time); “Tue Sep 13 18:21:13 2005” setlocale(‘fr_FR’); $x = strftime(‘%c’, time); “mar 13 sep 2005 18:22:23”

16. Summary of i18n in PmWiki Simple translation table for phrase => translation Phrase keys as printable values Select proper encoding type and locale