1. 1 VAISHALI ICAR research complex for eastern region Patna, Bihar India SITE PRESENTATION

2. 2 Study Site Vaishali District (Bihar)

3. 3 Low Productivity Food deficit region Rice-wheat system Poor infrastructure Low input use High rainfall Characteristics

4. 4 Collected available secondary data Collected available literature Collected primary data

5. 5 Food production

6. 6 AREA UNDER CULTIVATION 152348.14 ha FORESTNil BARREN/UNCULTIVABLE LAND 1977 ha CULTIVABLE WASTE39304.0 ha PERMANENT GRAZING359.33 ha AREA NOT AVAILABLE FOR CULTIVATION 23984.11 ha LAND USE

7. 7 IRRIGATION Net Irrigation Area Net area Irrigated through Private Tube wells Area Irrigated through Canals Area Irrigated through wells Area Irrigated through Govt. tube wells Area Irrigated through Pond & others 50493 29558 4550 6559 4797 2029 ha

8. 8 Crop2002-2003 A (ha) P (t) Y (kg) PADDY 48293612941269 WHEAT 43369917862116 MAIZE 12105489814046 GRAM 1071081009 LENTIL 265149562 ARHAR 15221289847 Khesari 8351614 Green Gram 164298855539 Potato 6861455706642 Tobacco 625270271124 Mustard 28161760625

9. 9 Area covered under HYV = 35 Percent Area under local varieties = 65 percent

10. 10 Crop% of normal Paddy40-50 Maize50-75 Wheet30-40 Potato30-50 Yield loss during crop failure

11. 11 Plough Animals127542 Diary Animal158631 (i) Cattle67216 (ii) Buffalos91415 Sheep, Goats & Others 171200 Poultry63284 Livestock

12. 12 ParticularsDraught animals Milch animals Landless540 Less than 1 ha 1644 Above 1ha986 Total1347 Animal resources Percent HH

13. 13 CategoryNo. PercentArea in Hect. Percent Less than 1 Hect.439643938440155 Between 1 and 2 hect. 2421453225221 Above 2 hect.1126323653224 Total475120100153185100 SIZE OF HOLDINGS

14. 14 Cultivators313576 Agriculture laborers 242159 Household & Cottage industries 175221 Others90279 Working Population

15. 15 CategoryPercent HH Landless41.21 upto 136.03 1 to 2.512.76 2.5 to 56.84 5 to 102.24 above 100.92 Migration

16. 16 ReasonsPercent HH in search of employment38.69 for better wage38.23 for self employment2.55 study0.65 fight/tension in the village1.78 follow/accompany family3.20 got job/transfer of job13.55 Others1.35 Total100.00 Reasons of Migration

17. 17 Distribution

18. 18 Total length of metallic road (in Km.) Total length of Non metallic road (Km.) Total length of Katcha road (Km.) Total length of railway tracks (Km.) 591 941 1762 71 Roads & Railways

19. 19 Markets and industries Controlled Markets Total Village related Industries Sugar Mill Small Scale Registered Industries Un Registered 10 447 01 75 111

20. 20 Coop societies Primary Agriculture loan cooperatives Lampus Co-operative Central Banks Rural Branch Urban Branch 166 04 06 05 01

21. 21 Affordability

22. 22 ParticularLandlessLess than 1 ha Above 1ha Agriculture163854 Livestock123122 Wage 64240 Others 8724 Total 100 Yearly income193652549834851 House hold Income

23. 23 Average expenditure per person per month in Bihar (Rs) Urban Total food338.30 Non food336.17 Total consumption expenditure 674.47 Rural Total food252.17 Non food162.45 Total consumption expenditure 414.62

24. 24 ParticularLandlessLess than 1 ha Above 1ha Food544132 Clothing222120 Education7817 Entertainment5912 Health111613 Others156 Total100 Total Expenditure 224352968732854 Expenditure

25. 25 ParticularLandlessLess than 1 ha Above 1ha Jewelry8101 Fodder351 Livestock870 Other3 20 Total22242 Sale of assets of food purchase

26. 26 Utilization

27. 27 ParticularLandlessLess than 1 haAbove 1ha RiceCoarse to medium Medium to fine WheatFlour PulsesArhar – Gram – Moong Coarse grains Maize Non VegFish- egg -mutton -chicken Preferred food

28. 28 ParticularLandlessLess than 1 ha Above 1ha Discrimination present 471 Person who gets preference Earning male member Discrimination in food distribution

29. 29 ParticularLandlessLess than 1 ha Above 1ha Gas288 firewood3010812 Cow dung169616 Twigs/leaves/tr ash 32160 Fuel used for cooking

30. 30 Drinking Water sources ParticularLandlessLess than 1 ha Above 1ha Open well1241 Shallow tube well 349215 Deep tube well255 Others6160

31. 31 DISTRICT HOSPITAL01 REFERRAL HOSPITAL02 PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE11 ADDITIONAL PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE 33 HEALTH SUB CENTRE339 GRAMIN AUSADHALAY09 BLOOD BANK01 AIDS CONTROL SOCIETY01 TRAINED NURSES401 TRAINED DOCTORS120 HEALTH FACILITIES

32. 32 Hospital Preferred ParticularLandlessLess than 1 ha Above 1ha With in village 12364 Outside village 3110117 RMP/local doctor 22925 Govt hospital 12284 Private hospital 91712

33. 33 ParticularHutKatchaPucca Landless 124642 Less than 1 ha 45145 Above 1ha 01981 Total 54748 Housing facilities Percent HH

34. 34 Thank you

35. 35 ParticularNoPercentageAverage farm size Landless43210 Less than 1 ha137680.33 Above 1ha21102.6 Total2011000.50 Sample distribution

36. 36 Family particulars ParticularMaleFemaleEarning members Landless4.1232.44 Less than 1 ha3.552.872.81 Above 1ha3.73.772.5

37. 37 ParticularAgricultureLabourOthers Landless144937 Less than 1 ha 552322 Above 1ha86014 Total502624 Occupation Percentage