2. Montgomery Bus Boycott  Cause  Setting  People Involved  Event Sequence  Effects Ochse 6/13/06

4. Cause  Jim Crow Laws –By the 1890s, as the gains of Reconstruction were stripped away, southern states began enacting Jim Crow laws that enforced separate facilities for blacks and whites  The arrest of Rosa Parks for not giving up her seat Click for more on Jim Crow

5. Setting  Where: Montgomery Alabama  When: –1955 to1956  Length: – 381 days

6. People Involved  Martin Luther King, Jr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Martin Luther King, Jr.  E. D. Nixon E. D. Nixon E. D. Nixon  Rosa Parks Rosa Parks Rosa Parks

7. Event Sequence  Rosa Parks refused a bus driver's demand to give up her seat to a white man  Boycott: ninety percent of Montgomery's black citizens stayed off the buses  Ruling: U.S. Supreme Court's Browder vs. Gayle

8. Effects  The federal district court ruled bus segregation unconstitutional on 4 June 1956 (Browder v. Gayle).  Nonviolent protest became the model for challenging segregation in the South Ochse 6/13/06