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Published byLee Reynolds Modified over 9 years ago
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Reconstruction 1865-1877—the 12 years following the Civil War During this time battles waged in Congress over who should lead reconstruction policy.
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13 th Amendment13 th Amendment 1863: Emancipation Proclamation 1865: 13 th Amendment repeals slavery in ALL states.
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Lincoln’s 10% PlanLincoln’s 10% Plan Proposed in 1863: Forgiving to the South Offered a pardon to any Confederate who would take an oath of allegiance to the Union Denied ALL pardons to Confederate military and government officials States could hold constitutional conventions after 10% had taken oath. States could then hold elections and rejoin Union.
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Radical RepublicansRadical Republicans Thought Lincoln was too lenient and that the South should be punished for Civil War. Wade-Davis Bill (1864): A majority of voters would have to swear loyalty before statehood could be returned. State constitutions had to abolish slavery Confederate military leaders could not hold political office Pocket veto: president neither signs nor outright vetoes a bill.
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Presidential ReconstructionPresidential Reconstruction President Johnson implemented his own plan when Congress was in recess in 1865. Said he was upholding Lincoln’s vision buy it was more lenient on the South. Pardoned southerners who swore allegiance It permitted states to hold a constitutional convention States had to void secession, abolish slavery and repudiate confederate debt. Then states could hold elections and rejoin the Union
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Black CodesBlack Codes Many Southern states enacted black codes: laws that restricted freedmen’s rights: Curfews Vagrancy laws (not working=punishment) Labor contracts Land restrictions (could only rent land in rural areas, forcing them to live on plantations) Could not testify against whites Could not own weapons Congress outlaws black codes by passing a Civil Rights Act (1866)
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Congress ActsCongress Acts 1 st Reconstruction Act (1867): Set up military rule in the South All qualified male voters could vote Equal rights to all citizens Required states to ratify 14 th Amendment 2 nd Reconstruction Act: Union military in charge of voter registration. Goal= more Republicans in office in South; protect freed slaves right to vote
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Impeachment Tenure of Office Act (1867): President could not fire Cabinet posts without the Senate’s approval. 1868: Johnson tries to fire Secretary of War Edwin Stanton. Congress find this unconstitutional House of Representatives impeaches Johnson Senate tries Johnson, he narrowly escapes conviction (1 vote) 1868: Ulysses S. Grant is elected President
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Constitution 13 th Amendment (1865): Prohibits slavery 14 th Amendment (1868): former slaves citizens of U.S. and the state they came from 15 th Amendment (1870): extended right to vote to black men.
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Exit WILT: What I learned today: 3-5 sentence summary about Reconstruction using today’s work.
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