1. Module 4 Music Born in America Module 4 Music Born in America Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading — Pre­reading Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading — Pre­reading Step 1 Step 1 Step 2 Step 2 Step 3 Step 3 Step 4 Step 4 Step 5 Step 5

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4. 1 ． Do you know the origin of hip hop music? 2 ． How many historical eras does hip hop music have?

5. 返回 Hip hop music or rap music is an admiring and famous style or genre of music in the USA. This well­known music genre is made up of two components, rapping and record scratching. Rapping is also known as MC­ing and DJ­ing, which comprises of audio mixing. These two main components combined with graffiti and breakdancing form the four core elements of hip hop.

6. 返回 Hip hop was initiated as a cultural movement by inner­city youth, mostly Latinos, Hispanics, and African Americans in New York City, in the early seventies. The word “rap” was derived in the sixties, from a slang word that meant conversation. Hip hop has two main historical eras, the old school hip hop era from 1970 — 1985 and the golden age hip hop era from 1985—1993. The golden age of hip hop began only when it entered the mainstream of music and it consolidated the sounds of the West Coast and the East Coast.

7. 返回 The origin of hip hop music is from African American and West African music. Contributions of griots ( 民间艺人 ) like The Last Poets, Jalal Mansur Nurriddin, and Gil Scott­Heron were significant in a big way for the advent ( 出现 ) of hip hop in the 1960s. Hip hop had originally begun in the Bronx. Funk and soul music were played a lot in block parties. In the beginning, the DJs at these parties began separating the percussion breaks from hit songs. They started realizing that these breaks were more entertaining and groovy ( 绝妙的 ). This technique had become widespread in Jamaica and had spread considerably in the New York community via the Jamaican immigrants.

8. 返回 Kool DJ Herc and Grandmaster Flash were the pioneers in the hip hop industry and other DJs had extended the short percussion interludes of Funk records and created a more danceable sound. As a result, remixes had become popular with the advent of mixing and scratching techniques. Many styles of hip hop had developed in the golden age of hip hop. At present, hip hop is enjoyed all around the world. In spite of all the controversies created by hip hop artists they are still growing in number. Hip hop music is sold all over the world in stores and even online.

9. 返回 1 ． Can you list some kinds of music? Which do you like best? ____________________________________________________ 参考答案： Classical music, pop music, jazz, hip hop, rock and roll, blues, country music, soul music, folk music, gospel music, etc. I like classical music best.

10. 返回 2 ． Can you name the following instruments?

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12. True (T) or False (F) ． 1 ． Hip hop is an American cultural movement which started in the 1970s.( ) 2 ． It is the Jamaica DJs who started playing other kinds of music, including rock and disco music.( ) 3 ． People still liked disco music and rock music in the mid 1970s.( ) 4 ． It is hard to dance to disco music.( ) 5 ． In the late 1980s, hip hop spread to many parts of the world.( ) T T F F T

13. 返回 Choose the best answer according to the passage. 1 ． Which one is NOT hip hop's main aspect? A ． Breakdance. B ． Graffiti. C ． DJ­ing and MC­ing. D ． Rock music. 2 ． Where was hip hop most suited to be played? A ． Birthday parties. B ． Block parties. C ． Concert halls. D ． Jamaica.

14. 返回 3 ． Which one is NOT the reason of the success of hip hop? A ． People were bored with the pop music of the day. B ． Hip hop is cheap and easy. C ． Disco music and rock music were both in decline. D ． Disco music had a strong beat. 4 ． Which of the following doesn't belong to the breakthroughs in developing hip hop? A ． The appearance of rap music. B ． The lengthening of percussion breaks. C ． The appearance of reggae music. D ． The start of breakdancing.

15. 返回 5 ． From Part 4 we can conclude that ________. A ． hip hop is also called trip hop B ． hip hop is popular only in America and Europe C ． music is always developing D ． rappers are mainly from America 答案： 1.D 2.B 3.D 4.C 5.C

16. 返回 Fill in the blanks according to the passage. Hip hop is an American cultural 1. which started in the 1970s at block parties in New York, especially in a district called the Bronx. There are four main 2. of hip hop: break dance and graffiti art plus two types of hip hop music — DJ­ing and rapping. Rapping is also 3. as MC­ ing. Later. DJ Herc, one of the most popular Jamaican DJs movement aspects known

17. 返回 at the time, noticed that New York 4. didn't really like reggae music, so he started playing other kinds of music, 5. rock and disco music. They 6. with different vocal and rhythmic 7., using rhyming words. At the same time, people started breakdancing at block parties. Because it is 8. and easy and because people were 9. with the pop music of the day, hip hop became 10.. audiences including experimented approaches cheap bored successful

18. 返回 What do you know about hip hop after reading the text? _____________________________________________________ 参考答案： Its origin; its components; the reason why it is popular and the development of the music, etc.