1. The Major Intersections of American Culture and Media HUM / 186 Week 2 Laurie Nesbitt

2. “It’s not supposed to be a model for anything else. It was simply a response to situation. We’re out of contract. We have our own studio. We have this new server. What the hell else would we do? This was the obvious thing. But it only works for us because of where we are.” —Radiohead’s Thom YorkeRadiohead’s Summarize the evolution of media in the last century

3. Youth, Music, and Repression 1700s—waltz viewed as “savage” 1800s—tango viewed as primitive, sexual banned in Argentina attacked by the French clergy 1920s—the Charleston vilified 1950s through 1980s—rock and roll decried as too sexual, violent The generation gap persists

4. Define Media Convergence Phenomenon involving the interlocking of computing and information technology companies, telecommunications networks, and content providers from the publishing worlds of newspapers, magazines, music, radio, television, films, and entertainment software. Media convergence brings together the “three Cs”— computing, communications, and content.

5. Explain how media convergence has changed American culture. “Music should never be harmless.” —Robbie Robertson of The Band Pop music starts as low culture. It appeals to the masses. Likewise blues, country, Tejano, salsa, jazz, rock, reggae, rap, hip-hop, easy listening, and more 88 - 90more

6. Cover Music and Racism “We’re like reporters. We give them [our listeners] the truth. People where we come from hear so many lies the truth stands out like a sore thumb.” EAZY-E, N.W. A., 1989

7. Rock Music Divides and Joins High and low culture Chuck Berry’s “Roll Over Beethoven” Sinatra vs. Elvis Masculine and feminine Country and city North and South Sacred and secular Ray Charles’s gospel origins

8. Payola Scandals Payola The practice of record promoters paying deejays to play their songs on the air Alan Freed ruined Congressional hearings in 1959 By 2005: Payola persists.

9. Popular Music Free Expression and Democracy How can popular music uphold a legacy of free expression while resisting co-optation by giant companies?

10. Explain how music and culture influence one another.

11. Describe the evolution of pop music throughout the last century. 1911 Popular songwriter Irving Berlin completes "Alexander's Ragtime Band."Irving Berlin 1916 President Woodrow Wilson issues an executive order making "The Star-Spangled Banner" the national anthem. President Woodrow Wilson 1922 Jazz musician Duke Ellington moves to New York and forms the band that becomes the legendary Duke Ellington Orchestra.Duke Ellington 1927 Show Boat, with music by Jerome Kern and lyrics by Oscar Hammerstein, is the first hugely popular musical comedy.Jerome KernOscar Hammerstein 1932 Radio City Music Hall opens with a musical show featuring the Rockettes. 1935 George Gershwin's folk opera Porgy and Bess premieres. George Gershwin's 1936 Electric guitar debuts. 1948 Columbia Records introduces the "long playing" vinyl record. 1951 Cleveland disc jockey Alan Freed coins the term "rock and roll." c. 1955 Elvis Presley becomes the first rock star. Elvis Presley 1957 Leonard Bernstein's musical West Side Story debuts. Leonard Bernstein's 1958 Billboard magazine begins their Hot 100 chart listing popular songs. 1959 The National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences presents the first Grammy Award. 1959 Berry Gordy, Jr., founds Motown record company; in the 1960s Motown stars include the Supremes, Stevie Wonder, and Marvin Gaye. Berry Gordy, Jr.Stevie Wonder Marvin Gaye 1961 1961 Country singer Patsy Cline becomes a mainstream pop music hit.Patsy Cline

12. 1964 The Beatles' "I Want to Hold Your Hand" is a sensation, igniting the "British invasion." The Beatles' 1969 The Woodstock Music and Art Fair, featuring such artists as Janis Joplin, Jimi Hendrix, The Who, and Joan Baez, is attended by hundreds of thousands of fans. 1971 The Sonny and Cher Comedy Hour popularizes such hits as "I Got You Babe." c. 1975 CBGB (Country Bluegrass & Blues) club in New York showcases "punk rock." 1977 The movie Saturday Night Fever popularizes disco music. 1978 Hip hop, a blend of rock, jazz, and soul with African drumming, is born in the South Bronx. Hip hop 1981 MTV music television debuts with nonstop music videos. 1982 Cats begins its 18-year run on Broadway. 1983 Compact discs begin to replace vinyl records. Compact discs Madonna releases her debut album; the single "Holiday" becomes a hit. 1984 Cyndi Lauper's "Girls Just Wanna Have Fun" moves up the charts. Cyndi Lauper's Twelve-year-old Ricky Martin begins his five-year stint with Menudo.Ricky Martin 1985 Michael Jackson releases Thriller; the video becomes a classic. Michael Jackson 1989 Eight-year-old Britney Spears makes her musical television debut on Star Search.Britney Spears

13. early 1990s Grunge rock rises in Seattle, featuring such bands as Nirvana and Pearl Jam.Pearl Jam 1992 Backstreet Boys and Blackstreet, two of the top male groups of the 1990s, form. Backstreet Boys 1995 The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Museum opens in Cleveland, Ohio.Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Museum Cleveland, Ohio 1998 Celine Dion's "My Heart Will Go On," from the movie Titanic, is the top song of the year. Celine Dion's 1999 Lauryn Hill takes home five Grammys for The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill. Lauryn Hill 2001 More than 30 years after breaking up, the Beatles have a chart-topper with the greatest-hits album 1. The Beatles' lead guitarist George Harrison dies of lung cancer.George Harrison 2002 Kelly Clarkson becomes the first American Idol. About 50 million viewers tune in to the show's finale. Kelly Clarkson 2003 Eminem's The Eminem Show, the top-selling album of 2002, wins the Grammy for Best Rap Album. It is the Detroit native's third consecutive record to win the award, making him the first rapper to accomplish this feat. Eminem's Usher's Confessions, which produces four No. 1 songs, is the top-selling record of the year. Usher's 2004 Green Day releases the politically charged album American Idiot, which goes on to sell over six million copies in the United States. Green Day 2005 50 Cent scores five No. 1 singles on his album The Massacre. 50 Cent 2006 The Red Hot Chili Peppers release Stadium Arcadium, a double-album that reaches No. 1 in 26 different countries its first week out.Red Hot Chili Peppers Revered New York music club CBGB closes its doors and moves to Las Vegas. 2007 A number of big-name acts return to touring after long hiatuses including The Police and Genesis

14. Social Media Today and in the Future