1. Chris Sinton University of Redlands Redlands, California

2. Energy and the Environment 200-level elective course (now required for Environmental Business) Present conventional and renewable energy resources and impacts Focus on quantitative evaluation Lecture mixed with in-class activities and field trips

3. Energy Project - Goals If it is personal, you remember it Learn how to gather personal energy data Calculate environmental impact Determine impact of efficiency Scale results to campus and state Skills using spreadsheets writing

4. Equipment Kill-A-Watt Meter Excel Machine(s)

5. Methodology Choose machine or appliance Plug in meter Take daily reading of kWh and record in Excel Repeat for five days.

6. Analysis Plot kWh vs. days Determine annual usage and cost Determine environmental impact using emission factors (from US EPA e-grid)US EPA e-grid SOx, NOx, and CO 2

7. Efficiency Impact Determine impact of efficiency Better machine – Energy Star Change in habit Economic and Environmental Scale results to campus and state

8. Energy Project Data input your data time (hrs)kWh make calculation start00 Day 123.8812.5 Day 248.1525.7 Day 371.7638.5 Day 49649.2 Day 512053.6 average per day10.72 days per year365days annual usage kWh/year cost per kWh $ 0.13 cost per year Estimated Campus and State-wide Emissions Number on campus10 Number in California500000Emission Factors for California Annual - campus kWh/year dollarsNOx0.000543lb/kWh Annual - CA0kWh/year dollarsSOx0.000322lb/kWh Annual Emissions (lbs)NOxSOxCO 2 mercuryCO 2 0.724lb/kWh campus mercury1.00E-09lb/kWh California source: US EPA E-Grid

9. Report Introduction about appliance Methods Results Plot Estimated energy use on campus and statewide Environmental impact Discussion of efficiency (quantitative) Conclusion References

10. Outcome Overall successful based on student feedback Some students need more guidance in choosing Not enough Watt Meters Add other environmental impacts – mining, cooling water