1. Themes in the Oral Tradition Language Arts 7

2. Characteristics Oral tradition – the sharing of stories, cultures, and ideas by word of mouth. Oral tradition – the sharing of stories, cultures, and ideas by word of mouth. The oldest form of storytelling, handed down from generation to generation The oldest form of storytelling, handed down from generation to generation Found in all cultures from America to Zimbabwe! Found in all cultures from America to Zimbabwe! Common types are myths, legends, folk tales, tall tales, fables, and epics. Common types are myths, legends, folk tales, tall tales, fables, and epics.

3. Heroes & Heroines Heroes/Heroines – larger than life figures whose deeds are told in the oral tradition. Heroes/Heroines – larger than life figures whose deeds are told in the oral tradition. A hero doesn’t have to be a superhero, often they are ordinary people like you and me. A hero doesn’t have to be a superhero, often they are ordinary people like you and me. Epic stories are dedicated to a hero’s journey Epic stories are dedicated to a hero’s journey

4. Types of Oral Traditions MYTHSLEGENDSFOLK TALES TALL TALESFABLESEPICS

5. Myths Myths – tales that explain actions of gods, goddesses, and heroes. Myths – tales that explain actions of gods, goddesses, and heroes. Mythology – the collection of myths from a culture. Mythology – the collection of myths from a culture. Some famous examples of myths: Some famous examples of myths: Noah & the Flood Noah & the Flood The stories of Hercules The stories of Hercules

6. Legends Legends – traditional stories about the past. Legends – traditional stories about the past. Some legends have a basis in fact, but are exaggerated over retellings Some legends have a basis in fact, but are exaggerated over retellings Ex: George Washington & The Cherry Tree Ex: George Washington & The Cherry Tree

7. Folk Tales Folk Tales – tell stories about ordinary people. Folk Tales – tell stories about ordinary people. These stories reveal traditions and values of a culture. These stories reveal traditions and values of a culture. Examples: Fairy tales, the Brothers Grimm, Johnny Appleseed Examples: Fairy tales, the Brothers Grimm, Johnny Appleseed

8. Tall Tales Tall Tales – folk tales that use hyperbole for comic effect. Tall Tales – folk tales that use hyperbole for comic effect. Hyperbole – exaggeration or overstatement for effect. Hyperbole – exaggeration or overstatement for effect. Examples: Paul Bunyan, John Henry, etc. Examples: Paul Bunyan, John Henry, etc.

9. Fables Fables – stories featuring animals that speak and act like humans. Fables – stories featuring animals that speak and act like humans. Often end with a moral lesson that is directly stated. Often end with a moral lesson that is directly stated. Examples: Chicken Little, Fox and Crow, the Grasshopper and the Ant Examples: Chicken Little, Fox and Crow, the Grasshopper and the Ant

10. Epics Epic – long narrative poems about a hero who engages in a quest, a dangerous journey, that is important to the history of a nation. Epic – long narrative poems about a hero who engages in a quest, a dangerous journey, that is important to the history of a nation. Quest – a dangerous journey with a goal, often used to “prove” a hero’s worth. Quest – a dangerous journey with a goal, often used to “prove” a hero’s worth.

11. Any Questions?