1. SOMALIA MARCH 2006

2. Political Context Fifteen years of armed conflict and generalized violence TFG working towards building peace but this will take time Somaliland, Puntland and South/Central in different stages of political, economic and social recovery South/Central remains a complex emergency Somali environment for humanitarian operations is different to early 1990s, much greater Somali involvement. Most worrying threats remains that from extremits

3. Infant, child and maternal mortality rates are some of the highest in the world - one in four children die before reaching the age of five -1,600 women die for every 100,000 live births Lowest primary school enrolment rates in the world Malnutrition rates are far above emergency threshold of 15% - worst affected areas are 25% 65% of population does not have access to safe drinking water Highest number of war wounded in Africa Somalia : Development Indicators

4. Humanitarian Challenges Somalia 2006 (1) Chronic food insecurity and high malnutrition rates Large Number of IDPs – 370,000-400,000 Insecurity Outbreak of Polio and Measles Chronic natural ‘shocks’ such as drought and flooding

5. Humanitarian Challenges Somalia 2006 (2) Limited access to sustained humanitarian assistance and to basic social services Poor protection from Human Rights abuses including discriminatory access to basic social services Large number of returnees to Somalia 350,000 refugees remain outside the country

6. Key Humanitarian Priorities Identified During CAP 2006 Increase access to basic humanitarian services for vulnerable populations in particular the 2.1 million people in a state of Humanitarian Emergency and Acute Food and Livelihood Crisis, IDPs and those living in areas of return and resettlement Enhance the protection of and respect for the human rights and dignity of affected populations Strengthen local capacity for social service delivery and response to natural or conflict related disaster

7. What has changed in the 2006 humanitarian situation? Chronic food insecurity and high malnutrition rates further aggravated by unprecedented drought Post Deyr Analysis Jan 06 915,000 now in Humanitarian Emergency (was 200,000) 710,000 now in Acute Food/Livelihood Crisis (was 345,000) Large Number of IDPs – 370,000-400,000 Number increased as a result of drought induced population movements 2.1 million in need of critical assistance (was 1 million)

9. Patterns Rural to Urban, to water sources, assistance, employment opportunities Families and groups Split families identified heading towards the north

12. Has the humanitarian Response been timely? Affected by: Armed conflict and generalized violence characterized by assassinations, abductions, piracy and roadblocks Limited operational capacity of organizations and increasing security costs Funding

13. What has been achieved since the early warning was issued? (1) Planning Level Series of inter-agency assessments leading to revised CAP launched March 21 Mobilized international community and donors for funds Mobilized pipeline to meet growing food relief needs Somali community mobilization

14. (2) Operational Achievements Food : initiated general food distributions in 5 regions (Juba, Gedo, Bay, Bakol, Hiran) Water and Sanitation : rehabilitation of boreholes and water systems, expanded chlorination activities; water trucking in south/central Somalia Livelihoods : de-stocking; animal health interventions; assistance with seeds/planting Health : Measles and Polio vaccination campaign What has been achieved since the early warning was issued?

15. (3) Coordination Level Enhanced - Somalia IASC - Seven IASC clusters identified - Drought Working Group formed Liaises with SACB and consults with the TFG’s Ministerial Disaster Committee - Enhanced coordination in the field

16. Some Encouraging Developments on Access in 2006 Developments include : - MOU - Prime Minister and UN Humanitarian Coordinator on enhancing access - Local reconciliation initiatives in drought affected areas - Local Level humanitarian partners disseminating principles on unhindered access and protection to elders, community leaders and other de facto local authorities

17. Outlook Gu will be below normal and assistance will be required until the end of 2006

18. 2006 CAP Funding Overview To meet the urgent humanitarian needs Revised CAP 2006 seeks $US 326,718,040 (From $US 174,116,815) 92 projects through 12 UN agencies, 13 INGOs and 5 LNGOs More than 85% of the increase is due to food relief requirements until the end of 2006 (taking into account worse case scenario of poor Gu rains)

19. As at 20 March CAP is $US 79,088,793 covered which is 24% of Revised CAP 2006 ($US 326,718,040) Food Sector is 40% funded (with more pledges in pipeline) This is encouraging but continued efforts are required to secure funds for under funded sectors such as Agriculture, Health, Education, Coordination and Security Revised CAP 2006 Funding Analysis

20. CERF and HRF CERF : Central Emergency Response Fund - officially launched on March 9 with $US 10 million allocated to Horn of Africa with $US 3 million for Somalia HRF : Humanitarian Response Fund - for rapid response projects that are developed during the first phase of an emergency and before mainstream responses come into play $US 3.3 million pledged in 2006

21. Urgent Need For Life-Saving Assistance The works and efforts of humanitarian organizations continue to play a vital role …. and at critical times like now - provide life-saving assistance An efficient and adequate response will enhance local reconciliation processes and contribute to peace and security of country during these challenging times

22. The Way Ahead Need to provide an effective, timely and efficient response to avoid further catastrophe and famine Humanitarian organizations have a critical role to play at what could be a turning point in Somalia’s history In 2006 through the CAP appeal we have already secured 24% funding which is unprecedented at this stage of the year - but we still require more to avert a monumental and devastating collapse of millions of Somali lives ….

23. Projected Food Security Situation Analysis July to December 2006 Risk Factors Climate Outlook Drought, floods Conflict Contributing Factors Successive crop failures Massive livestock losses Humanitarian Access Cereal markets Weakened human health Cross border crisis

24. Projected Food Security Situation Analysis July to December 2006 Projected Outcome 1.8 million people in Acute Food and Livelihood Crisis, Humanitarian Emergency, or Famine Shift from 900,000 people in HE to 1.3 million in HE/Famine Needs Food and water Livelihood support Use ‘crisis as opportunity’ to address underlying causes

25. GHA FOOD SECURITY OUTLOOK (Jun.-Dec., 2006) Preliminary Analysis with Poor Rain Scenario, March 6 2006

26. Thank-you The End