2. Missouri CompromiseMissouri Compromise  -Passed in 1920  -Banned slavery from newly acquired territory from the Louisiana Purchase above the 36˚ 30˚ line. (Also known as the Mason Dixon Line)  Maine was admitted as a free state  Missouri was declared a slave state  Balanced the ratio of slave states to non-slave states.

3. Missouri Compromise MapMissouri Compromise Map

4. Nat Turner RebellionNat Turner Rebellion  Preacher- sign from God  Led the rebellion on Aug 22, 1831 in South Hampton County Virginia  Killed over 60 whites  Found 48 hours later and were killed.  In response laws are passed restricting slaves from assembling without supervision or learning how to read and write.  Emancipation was considered in VA but slavery was considered a “positive good”

5. David WalkerDavid Walker African American Abolitionist in Boston Called blacks to ride up in arms against slavery with his Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World in 1829

6. William Lloyd Garrison Published Abolitionist news paper, The Liberator First white writer to demand for immediate abolition of slavery than gradual emancipation.

7. Statistics In 1820 86.8% of all African Americans in the United States were slaves In 1830 the percentage went down by.5% to 86.3% In 1840 the percentage went back up.3% to 86.6% Only about 13.5% of all African Americans in the United States were free during this time period.

8. Forms of WorkForms of Work Slaves Slaves Worked long hours Usually did field work such as picking tobacco or cotton Free African Americans Typically worked in service occupations Did not do much field work, even though some had the experience from being slaves Many were U.S. merchant sailors

9. Culture and ReligionCulture and Religion Slaves Slaves were not allowed to speak their native languages Slaves like to make artwork Also had a different and powerful form of music Some slaves were even able to attend their own churches “Oral tradition” was a main part of their culture Free African Americans Had many celebrations of their own that were not national holidays, but rather important days for the African Americans Some free African Americans were able to establish their own Christian churches

10. Living ConditionsLiving Conditions Slaves Many families were split apart If a slave tried to run away without success, they were beaten and sometimes even killed Each person owned one pair of clothes They were fed the cheapest food their owner could find Slaves were not allowed to learn to read and write Free African Americans Most were still discriminated against Some free African Americans in the north owned land, had homes, ran businesses, and paid taxes In a few northern states, free African Americans could vote

11. Living ConditionsLiving Conditions

12. Economy StatisticsEconomy Statistics  1815-1860: 600,000- 700,000 slaves sold from upper south to lower south  Slave in 1820’s upper south had a 30% chance of being sold to lower south by 1860  In the 1850’s a planter could expect an annual return of 8-10% on capital invested

13. Social Slaves Slaves were not considered to be a part of the social society Free African Americans They were still discriminated against They were allowed to voice their opinions In 1827 the Freedom’s Journal came out.

14. Anti-Slavery Slaves Slaves who did not want to run away often used other ways to rebel; they would either work slow, break tools, or fake sick Many would try to escape to places that were supposed to be safe either run by whites who believed in the abolishment of slavery, or free African Americans Free African Americans They often organized the escape routes for slaves Many free blacks were described as “conductors” of the Underground Railroad Many African Americans stayed in the United States to work on achieving equality in the United States

15. The Two SidesThe Two Sides Proslavery  “necessary evil” to “positive good”  Slavery was natural and proper for those of African decent  Christianity and The Bible  Race of “perpetual children”  Better off than northern laborers Abolitionists (Expansionists)  American Colonization Society  Christianity and The Bible  Ulterior motives: economic and political  Used morality as a cover  “denounced the abolitionists as sanctimonious hypocrites” (Howe, 545)

16. Upper South: slave tradeUpper South: slave trade  Virginia, Maryland, Kentucky  Key crop: tobacco  Economic motives for interstate trade  Resulted in a very dominant white society

17. Lower South: short staple cotton to long staple cotton  Louisiana, Georgia, South Carolina  Key crops: sugar, rice, and cotton  The Cotton Gin (1793)- Eli Whitney  Westward Expansion  Denounced African Colonization and feared government involvement  Prohibited progression and development

18. After the migration…After the migration…

19. South Carolina InfluenceSouth Carolina Influence  Denmark Vesey Conspiracy  led by a free black man who set out to seize weapons from armies and use the African American militia he had put together to take over Charleston  put fear in plantation owners and caused them to keep their guard up against all black citizens  Tariff of 1828  Also known as the Tariff of Abominations John C. Calhoun

20. Bibliography Jackson Series Podcast (Gretchen Ann Riley)-10/22/10 American Stories (Brands)- 11/8/10 What Hath God Wrought (Howe)- 11/11/10 http://www.misterteacher.com/american%20slavery/slav enarratives.htmlhttp://www.misterteacher.com/american%20slavery/slav enarratives.html 11/11/10