1. Basic Data Analysis Chapter 14

2. Overview  Descriptive Analysis

3. Tabulation  Tabulation –Frequency table –Percentages –Central tendency

4. Cross-Tabulation  Contingency Table –Marginals  Percentage Cross-Tabulation –Base  Elaboration and Refinement –Elaboration analysis –Moderator variable –Spurious relationship

5.  Data Transformation  Calculating Rank Order

6. Displaying & Analyzing Data  Tabular & Graphic Methods of Data Display –Table –Charts and graphs  Pie chart  Line graph  Bar charts  Analysis Software

7. Hypothesis Testing  Hypothesis –Null hypothesis –Alternative hypothesis

8. Hypothesis Testing  Hypothesis-Testing Procedure –Develop hypothesis –Take sample and calculate sample statistics –Check for difference between obtained and expected value  Significance level  p>α  p< α  Critical values

9. Example Problems  Page 362

10. Chi-square Test  Formulate null hypothesis and determine expected frequency of each answer  Determine the significance level  Calculate Χ2 value  Compare calculated X2 with critical X2

11. Chi-Square Testing  X=Σ(O i -E i )2/E i  Degrees of Freedom  Page 365

12. Choosing the Appropriate Technique  Number of Variables –Univariate v. Bivariate  Scale of Measurement  Type of Questions