1. EMPLOYMENT TRENDS Growth Rate of Employment(%Per Annum) Source - Economic Survey Period Rural Urban Before Reform 1.72 3.10 After Reform 0.47 2.70

2. Sectoral Employment (%) Source – Economic Survey INDUSTRYBEFORE REFORM AFTER REFORM Agriculture65.4252.06 Mining & Quarrying0.660.63 Manufacturing11.2712.90 Electricity, Gas & Water Supply0.340.35 Construction2.565.57 Trade, Hotel &Restaurant6.9812.62 Transport, Storage & Communication2.884.61 Financial Services0.782.06 Community, Social, Personal Services9.109.24

3. Organized Sector(Annual Growth -%) Source – Economic Survey SectorBefore Reform After Reform Public Sector1.530.57 Private Sector0.441.75

4. Nature and Types of Unemployment Developed Country – Due to Deficiency of D-D Developing Country – Not Restricted Classified – Two Types : A. Rural Unemployment B. Urban Unemployment A.Rural Unemployment 1.Disguised Unemployment- More People are engaged than required

5. Marginal Productive – Zero 2. Seasonal Unemployment – Absence of Supplementary Source 3. Open Unemployment – Able and Willing to Work – Do not have any Work – Landless Worker. B. Urban Unemployment – Secondary and Tertiary Sectors – Skilled & Semi Skilled Labours 1. Industrial Unemployment 2. Educated Unemployment

6. i. Structural Unemployment – Changes in Population, Tastes, Technology, Govt. Policies, Economic Backwardness, Capital Deficiency – Export Declines ii. Frictional Unemployment- Breakdown of Machinery, Shortage of Raw Materials, Strikes, Lock-outs, Ignorance of Jobs Available iii. Cyclical/ Mass Unemployment- Trade Cycle/ Fluctuations in Business. iv. Technological Unemployment- Modern Machinery and Techniques.

7. 2. Educated Unemployment – Lack of Job Opportunities – Theoretical Aspects