1. England’s Southern Colonies:
Chapter 2 Section 3

2. The 13 Colonies: New England Colonies Middle Colonies
Southern Colonies

3. I) Virginia

4. 1) Deciding to Settle:
Wealthy businessmen and devout Protestants led by Sir Walter Raleigh
American colonies would help with England’s problems:
Growing population
Send poor people to work in America
Poverty from a stagnant economy
Gold, Silver, and raising plantation crops

5. 2) Roanoke Colony:
The group obtained a charter (a certificate of permission) from the king
Formed a joint-stock company (a group of investors who share the company’s profits and loses)
Twice tried to colonize Roanoke island.
Poor soil
First group returns home
Second group vanishes

6. 3) The Virginia Company:
The English’s second attempt
Choose the Chesapeake Bay
Many good rivers
Good harbors
Fertile land

7. 4) Jamestown: A) The colonists founded Jamestown (1607):
Swamps defended the town from attack
But also contained mosquitoes with malaria
Many colonists died from sickness
Or were too weak to farm the land, and died of hunger
Between , 10,000 people moved to Jamestown
In 1622 only 2,000 remained alive

8. Jamestown:

9. Jamestown:

10. 4) Jamestown: B) Chief Powhatan:
About 24,000 Indians were under the rule of the powerful Chief Powhatan
Tried to contain the Jamestown colonists rather than attack them
Powhatan traded with the colonists for metal weapons.

11. Pocahontas Saves the Day:

12. 4) Jamestown: C) War: In 1609 war broke out
In 1613 the colonists captured Pocahontas, Chief Powhatan’s favorite daughter
Pocahontas converted to Christianity and married John Rolfe
Powhatan reluctantly makes peace
When Powhatan dies in 1618, his brother Opechancanough takes over
Hates the colonists

13. John Rolfe and Pocahontas:

14. 4) Jamestown: D) Tobacco:
Colonists were allowed to own the land as private property
Worked harder
Need a cash crop to sell in England
John Rolfe taught them how to grow tobacco
Soon the colony became the leading supplier to Europe
With the promise of wealth and land Virginia began to grow

15. Tobacco:

16. 4) Jamestown: E) The House of Burgesses:
In 1619, T.H.B. became the first representative body in colonial America
T.H.B. could make laws and raise taxes
Landowners over 17 could vote
In 1624 the English Government took over Virginia and made it a royal colony
Royal colonies belonged to the Crown
Proprietary colonies belonged to powerful individuals or companies.

17. The House of Burgesses:

18. 4) Jamestown: F) Survival: Tobacco The promise of land
Slavery becomes legal in 1660
The Virginia Company allows women to go
In 1624 the English Government (King James I) took over Virginia and made it a royal colony

19. Quiz Time:
What challenges did the Jamestown colonists have to overcome to survive?

20. 5) Bacon’s Rebellion:
As more settlers arrived colonists had to move inland to farm (1675)
Led by Nathaniel Bacon the settlers moved west and slaughtered Indians
The governor of Virginia, William Berkeley, forbade the colonists from moving west
Bacon and his men marched to Jamestown, Berkeley ran away and they burned the city
Bacon died suddenly and the rebellion stops

21. Bacon’s Rebellion:

22. II) Other colonies:

23. 1) Maryland:
1632: Charles I established a second royal colony, Maryland
King Charles gave the colony to Lord Baltimore
Made it a safe haven for Catholics
More Protestant outnumbered the Catholics and armed conflicts broke out.

24. 2) The Carolinas:
1670: Charles Town and the colony of Carolina were established
To honor Charles II
Was run by a group of wealthy aristocrats called the Lord Proprietor
Proprietary colony = ruled by powerful people
1691: splits into North and South Carolina
1729: the colonists rejected rule by the Lord Proprietors and became a royal colony again

25. 3) Georgia:
1732: Began as a proprietary colony led by James Oglethorpe
To protect South Carolina against Spanish Florida
As a new start for people in debt in England
Oglethorpe set strict rules
No drinking, no slaves
Colonists had to own their own land, so they couldn’t have large plantations
Colonists complained
In 1752 Georgia became a royal colony

26. James Oglethorpe:

27. Homework:
Chapter 2 Section 3: #1,2,4,6