1. LINKING MEDICAL DISCIPLINES WITH THEORIES OF THE SMALL-WORLD Renée G. Rubin

2. Research Method  Introduction  Data Acquisition  45 Combinations of Medical Disciplines

3. Kevin Bacon  Six degrees of Kevin Bacon 1. Think of an actor or actress. 2. If they have ever been in a film with Kevin Bacon, then they have a “Bacon Number” of one. 3. If they have never been in a film with Kevin Bacon but have been in a film with somebody else who has, then they have a Bacon Number of two, and so on.

4. Stanley Milgram – Small World Experiment “What is the probability that any two people, selected arbitrarily from a large population, such as that of the United States, will know each other?”

5. Migram’s Experiment  Experiment to link arbitrary individuals to a pre- selected ‘target.’  Experiment Rules Send postcard to Harvard If target is known – mail to him/her If target is unknown – send to someone who may know the target The cycle continues until the target in Boston is reached.

6. Milgram Results  Chain Length  Mean number of links = 5.2 Mean from Boston = 4.4 Mean from Nebraska = 5.7  Initial Assumtion: Stockholders in Nebraska have a lower chain length. Nebraska Stockholder = 5.4 Nebraska Control = 5.7  Conclusion Not significantly different

7. Nifty Bush Cartoon

8. Average Path Length Clustering Coefficient 123 456 7812 3456 78

9. Data Combination Shared Lines 1st discipline lines 2nd discipline linesTotal Percent shared cardio dentistry343423774218649222423415.32% cardio geriatrics19307377426695310469518.44% cardio neonatalogy1195603774251038454812621.81% cardio neurology1563837742466318437318.53% cardio nutrition961423774240904644678821.52% cardio obstetrics302663774210750714524920.84% cardio oncology506963774220643824418020.76% cardio opthalmology64403774227061648039.94% cardio osteopathy883413774238017541791721.14%

10. Data CardioPercentNeonatologyPercentOsteopathyPercentNutritionPercentOncologyPercent Neonatalogy21.81%Cardiology21.81%Cardiology21.14%Cardiology21.52%Cardiology20.76% Nutrition21.52%Nutrition15.72%Neonatology14.67%Neonatalogy15.72%Osteopathy11.18% Osteopathy21.14%Osteopathy14.67%Nutrition12.20%Osteopathy12.20%Neonatalogy9.32% Obstetrics20.84%Obstetrics11.32%Oncology11.18%Oncology8.73%Nutrition8.73% Oncology20.76%Oncology9.32%Dentistry9.91%Dentistry7.70%Dentistry6.12% Neurology18.53%Dentistry6.63%Obstetrics6.06%Obstetrics6.89%Obstetrics5.83% Geriatrics18.44%Geriatrics4.02%Geriatrics4.70%Geriatrics5.48%Neurology5.10% Dentistry15.32%Neurology3.57%Neurology4.29%Neurology3.39%Geriatrics5.04% Ophthalmology9.94%Ophthalmology1.97%Ophthalmology2.25%Ophthalmology1.69%Ophthalmology2.17% 18.70%9.89%9.60%9.26%8.25% ObstetricsPercentDentistryPercentGeriatricsPercentNeurologyPercentOphthalmologyPercent Cardiology20.84%Cardiology15.32%Cardiology18.44%Cardiology18.53%Cardiology9.94% Neonatology11.32%Osteopathy9.91%Nutrition5.48%Oncology5.10%Neurology4.06% Nutrition6.89%Nutrition7.70%Oncology5.04%Osteopathy4.29%Geriatrics2.64% Osteopathy6.06%Neonatalogy6.63%Dentistry4.97%Geriatrics4.28%Osteopathy2.25% Oncology5.83%Oncology6.12%Osteopathy4.70%Ophthalmology4.06%Obstetrics2.24% Dentistry4.63%Geriatrics4.97%Obstetrics4.62%Obstetrics3.66%Oncology2.17% Geriatrics4.62%Obstetrics4.63%Neurology4.28%Neonatology3.57%Dentistry2.01% Neurology3.66%Neurology3.11%Neonatology4.02%Nutrition3.39%Neonatalogy1.97% Ophthalmology2.24%Ophthalmology2.01%Ophthalmology2.64%Dentistry3.11%Nutrition1.69% 7.34%6.71%6.02%5.55%3.22%

11. Graph NeonatologyOsteopathyNutritionOncologyObstetricsDentistryCardiologyOphthalmologyGeriatricsNeurology - Vertices represent medical disciplines - Thickness of edges represent the number of connections between vertices.

12. Conclusion  Findings  Data Difficulties  Accents é, ö, ñ, ç etc.  Typos/Transpositions Vanatakin N Vaantakin N  The elusive middle initial Vanatakin N Vanatakin NA

13. Acknowledgements  Dr. Ed Harcourt  Dr. Patti Frazer Lock  Dr. Collen Knickerbocker  Jamie Perconti