1. Russian Cause and Effect World Studies

2. Russification Cause Gov’t faced with problems of liberal ideas. Definition Forced non-Russian people to use language, religion and customs. Effect Everyone had to accept.

3. Pan-Slavism Cause Wanted to expand. Definition Union of all Slavs under Russian leadership. Expansion into Asia and Ottoman Empire. Effect Expansion stopped with loss in the Crimean War in 1850’s, Russia lost border territory.

4. Emancipation Edict Cause Serfdom restricted labor pool, they were needed in factories. Definition Freed all serfs Effect Compensated nobles with land. Serfs could not afford high priced land.

5. Nihilists Cause Radicals opposed Alexander II’s new policies. Definition A just society can only be created by building a completely new Russia. Effect Other groups began to pop up.

6. People’s Will Cause Radicals believed that the nobles large estates should be divided among the people. Definition Radicals using violence such as assassinations and bombings. Effect Made Alexander II more conservative.

7. Pogroms Cause Assassination of Alexander II, Nicholas II set new restrictions. Definition Heavy handed discrimination against minority groups, sponsored massacre of Jews. Effect Nicholas II overturned many of the reforms set in place by Alexander II

8. Russo-Japanese War Cause Over territory in China and Korea Definition Japanese beat Russia Effect Russia’s gov’t was exposed as weak and corrupt.

9. Bloody Sunday Cause Groups taking action after Russia’s loss. Definition Czar’s troops shot at a group of strikers who were delivering a petition to him. Effect Triggered the Revolution of 1905.

10. October Manifesto Cause Workers striking and demonstrating. Definition Promised individual liberties and provided the election of the Duma (Parliament).

11. Failure of the Revolution Failed to overthrow the Czar because… 1.Army remained loyal to the Czar. 2.French gave money to the Russian gov’t. 3.Revolutionary groups were not united in their goals.

12. THE END!!!