1. Geography of Egypt
Egypt is located in the north eastern part of Africa.
Libya to the west, Sudan to the south and Israel to the north east.
In Egypt many civilizations settled along the Nile River.
The Nile River is the longest river in the world.

4. Geography of Egypt
The Nile River was an important part of the development of civilizations in Egypt.
The Nile and its delta make up one of the four geographic regions in Egypt.
A delta forms where a river flows into an ocean or any large body of water, and the moving water slows and drops the sediments it carries.

5. Unique Features of the Nile
The Nile starts in Sudan and flows north through Egypt.
The Nile fans out into its delta in Cairo, causing a fertile area of land from the sediment of the river.
The Nile empties out in the Mediterranean Sea.

6. The Nile
As the Nile flows north it creates a thin strip of fertile land on the banks.
This is a fertile land is a huge contrast to the barren desert that is on either side of the river valley.

7. The flooding of the Nile changes with the seasons

8. The Nile influences growth of agriculture
Egyptians used irrigation systems to carry water from the river to the plants in their fields.

9. Nile influences growth of agriculture
The first source of irrigation systems Egyptians used were called basins.
A basin is a large hole in a flat field surrounded by mounds of dirt that held water when the river would flood.

11. Agriculture
Later farmers created canals for irrigation.
These canals made it possible for farmers to expand farms that were further away from the river.

12. Canals

13. Crops Along The Nile
The most popular crops grown along the Nile were wheat, barely, vegetables and flax.

14. Crops Along The Nile Another important crop was reed called Papyrus.
Papyrus was a thin paper like writing material.
Papyrus could also be used for making rope, matting and sandals!

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16. Domestication In Egypt
Egyptians raised animals to work in the fields.
Cattle, Sheep, Goats, Geese and Ducks were the most common domesticated animals.

17. Advantages of Expanding Agriculture
As the amount of farmland increased, so did the amount of food.
Most years Egyptians had more food than they need, which is called a surplus.
This enabled them to find other jobs other than farming which expanded their society.