1. IR THEORY IR 5001

2. Iconic images of world politics
battlefields, soldiers, guns, F-16s
Veiled women, ‘burqa’
War on Terror
Taliban’s oppression of women
War on Terror, in part, a war on behalf of women and children

3. Social Imaginary
Rescue of women and children ‘other’
Masculine national state (US) pastoral, paternal
Against, Islamic ‘terrorist,’ feminized other
War imagery of enemy
Masculine self/feminized other
Foreign Policy, War, Security, Power,
Nation/State

4. GENDER / IR Gendering theory What is gender? biology?
social construct masculinity/femininity
performativity language/discourse
Inequality
Hierarchy
Power

5. What is theory?
Ontology (in)visibility) what we see
Epistemology – claims to know – how we know
Methodology
Axiology? (secularization of knowledge claims)

6. Gender and IR theory and practice
Objectivity
Rationality
Power – territorial, sovereign
War/conflict
Accumulation
Citizen/humanity
Male knowledge = human knowledge, universal

7. Distinctions Warrior/Beautiful Soul Public/Private State/Household
Citizens/Men
Classical theory (Rousseau, Hegel, Marx)
Paid work/unpaid labour
Everyday

8. Patriarchy (rule of father)
Feminist theory
Ungendering theory
Feminist empiricism (including excluded groups)
Standpoint feminism (difference, experience, values)
Postmodern feminism
Postcolonial feminism

9. Feminism
First Wave 19th and early 20the centuries (suffragist movements, representation)
Second Wave in the 1960s and 70s
‘personal as political’, economic and cultural inequalities
Third Wave 1990s
post-structural critique of enlightenment thought, autonomy, rationality, subjectivity

10. Liberal Feminists
Assumption men and women are equal
Women under-represented
Participation in global politics
Diplomats, military, business,
Access to power
Equal representation

11. Male – conflict, war, power Female – peace, cooperation, fairness
Standpoint Feminism
Essentialism
Male – conflict, war, power
Female – peace, cooperation, fairness
Values
Post-Positivist Feminism
Discourse, performance, unstable not fixed (no single cause of subordination)

12. Cynthia Enloe: Where are the women
Diplomats wives workers, army bases, sex workers
Ann Tickner : Realism biased to male lived experience (Hans Morgenthau)
Objectivity (culturally defined)
National interest (many sided)
Power as domination?
Politics and morality not distinct
Moral elements
Political realm is not autonomous

13. Postmodern feminism
Anti essentialist, discourse, language, web of meanings
Freud, Lacan, Foucault, Irigaray
Role of other (hospitality, accountability, empathy, cooperation, affinity)
Gender one node of subjectification, capillary form of power

14. Postcolonial Feminist IR
Spivak, Mohanty, Bhaba, Said,
‘The subaltern cannot speak’
Normalization of white, western, middle class woman as site of feminist struggles
Universalization of feminist theory from western location
Ethnocentric
Internal racism, classism, homophobia

15. Autonomy, subjectivity, modernity implicit starting point of liberal and radical feminism
Colonial modernity – governmentality
Disciplining of women central to stabilization of colonial conduct of conduct
Women-nation-anti-colonial struggle
Double marginalization (state/nation/labor)

16. Gender and Power Territorial/sovereign Micro-politics
Capillary forms – subjectification
Normalization
Not autonomous but constituted in web of meanings (knowledge)
Resistance

17. Gender and State Historical formation of the state
Women in state formation
Revolutionary struggles
Reproductive work of making citizens
Welfare/family
RBJ Walker’s critique – state sovereignty subsumes all difference (race, class, gender) real work of gender/IR to undo principle of state sovereignty

18. RBJ Walker :Women’s time and women’s place
Modernity/home
Fusion of gender into unitary political identity (state)
Difficulty of location a place from which to speak – all such places socially and historically constructed
Politics of forgetting
Modernity – valorizes the “merely domestic, reproductive nurturing, passive voice of women”

19. Women and ‘Development’
Modernization theory/difference
Backwardness/lack/absence
Third World Women
Capitalism and Gender
Productive/Unproductive labor
Women as container of backwardness

20. Globalization and Gender
Global Commodity Chain (IPE- Gary Gerrefi)
Global Care Chain ( Arlie Hochschild maids, nannies, nurses in global division of labor)
Women and flexible accumulation
Structures of Neo-colonial global capitalism

21. Gendered global division of labor
Service
Peripheral and flexible work force
Feminization of global work force
Security-Human Security-Insecurity Studies
‘Globalization of mothering’