1. GLOBALIZATION AND NATIONALISM

2. Conceptions Nationalism: heightened sense of national identity, discourse of sameness, we-ness Something natural, primordial, historical, or social construction? Anthony Smith – primordial – ethno nationalism, tribal, group affinities –(nation-state, cultural/ethnic/political identity)

3. Ernest Gellner: context of modernization, functional need for nationalism, creation of homogeneous society, education – socialize all into same knowledge (education/skills/standardization), standardization, industrialization Functionalist argument Eric Hobsbawm: state creates nationalism (Marxian analysis) -state/market

4. Benedict Anderson –Nation is an imagined community – social construct –Social construct result of conjuncture between technological developments, capitalism, de- sacralization – thought, created, not a primordial, or naturally existing fact –Print capitalism – standardized newspapers –Novels, newspapers –Makes possible new focus of social and political solidarity in idea of a nation –Unified fields of exchange and consciousness

5. –Nation – secularization of religious community –Nation and nationalism modular form Modular form Western nation-states, modernization, democracy, liberty, universal standard of progress, Britain, France etc. * Third World or non-western nation-states/ shaped by existent models? Modularity?

6. Critique from non-west postcolonial scholarship Partha Chatterjee Nation as modular form – Eurocentric Universalizes European history social space in non-western world heterogeneous Most people live outside capitalist/clock time

7. Notion of nation forecloses alternative political imaginings Ashis Nandy imperialism of categories Nation – religious violence

8. Globalization and impact on nationalism? State-Nation Above state – cosmopolitan citizenship – identify with world, global governance Below state – local or regional identity Post-national forms of identity? EU social laboratory – Eurobarometer surveys since 1`970s – European identity? Germany /UK contrast

9. International Social Survey Program ISSP (refer to hand out) World Values Survey 47%-locality/region One third – nation Minority one-sixth – world

10. Intensification of nationalism Socio-economic tensions rise with globalisation, resurgence in feeling of nationalism and identification with nation. hyper-enchantment Nationalism – path to state power – power outside of state (Michael Keating) – notion of stateless nationalisms civic nationalism – rise as market forces erode state from below Quebec, Scotland, Catalonia – new place in international order – significance of intl. trade regimes more than states

11. Globalization provides opportunities for nationalists to transform state authority. economic perils of maintaining small states (response by larger states) Economic viability of independent Quebec, Scotland, - focus on arguments about globalization. Sovereignty-oriented nationalism/ stateless nationalism

12. Strengthen/transform state via nationalism –Japan (globalization/right wing) –Nationalism/ religious identification –Postnationalism and state transformation –Isomorphism nation/state –One-state solution to Israel/Palestine? –Political economy of the region –Territorial nationalism?

13. Dismembered Palestinian state? Israel – 200,000 foreign labourers resident in Israel since early 1990s Palestine – de-development Inseparability of Palestine and Israel? Translational, not territorial nationalism Rethink basis of peace.