1. Tuesday, Nov 29 Objective : Explain Muscle Physiology BR:Label the muscles numbered 1- 3: 1. 2. 3.

2. Tuesday, Nov 29 Objective : Explain Muscle Physiology BR:Label the muscles numbered 1- 3: 1. 2. 3.

3. 4 MINUTES REMAINING…

4. Tuesday, Nov 29 Objective : Explain Muscle Physiology BR:Label the muscles numbered 1- 3: 1. 2. 3.

5. 3 MINUTES REMAINING…

6. Tuesday, Nov 29 Objective : Explain Muscle Physiology BR:Label the muscles numbered 1- 3: 1. 2. 3.

7. 2 MINUTES REMAINING…

8. Tuesday, Nov 29 Objective : Explain Muscle Physiology BR:Label the muscles numbered 1- 3: 1. 2. 3.

9. 30 Seconds Remaining…

10. 10 Seconds Remaining…

11. Time’s up! Put Bell Ringer in Folder Today’s Agenda: Cornell Notes – Muscle Physiology

12. BICEPS PECTORALIS MAJOR RECTUS ABDOMINUS OBLIQUE

13. QUADRICEPS FIBULARIS LONGUS TIBIALIS ANTERIOR

14. TRICEPS DELTOID

15. GLUTEUS MAXIMUS HAMSTRING GASTROCNEMIUS

16. Cornell Notes Topic: Muscle Physiology Write down/Summarize what is in blue

17. Skeletal Muscle Pairs All muscles work in pairs. – They can contract and relax – cannot push or stretch themselves. Ex: When your biceps contracts it flexes (bends) the elbow joint. At the same time it also pulls the triceps to make it longer. So the triceps is stretched by the biceps pulling it.

18. Muscle Pairs etc. When the triceps contracts is extends (straightens) the elbow joint, and at the same time it pulls the biceps and makes it longer. So these two muscles work together. Neither muscle can stretch itself, it must be stretched by its antagonist (partner).

19. Muscle Fatigue and Oxygen debt Muscle Fatigue = muscle is unable to contract even though it is being stimulated – Occurs because of oxygen debt = lack of oxygen to muscle Oxygen must be “paid back” – that’s why you breathe heavily after exercising to increase oxygen to your muscles

20. Oxygen Debt – Why it happens If you are going to be exercising for more than a couple of minutes, your body needs to get oxygen to the muscles or the muscles will stop working. Just how much oxygen your muscles will use depends on two processes: getting blood to the muscles and extracting oxygen from the blood into the muscle tissue. Your working muscles can take oxygen out of the blood three times as well as your resting muscles.

21. Muscle Fatigue - Why In order to continue exercising, your muscles must continuously make ATP. To make this happen, your body must supply oxygen to the muscles and eliminate the waste products and heat. The more strenuous the exercise, the greater the demands of working muscle. If these needs are not met, then exercise will cease -- that is, you become exhausted and you won't be able to keep going.

22. Types of Exercise Aerobic – running, biking, etc – Stronger, more flexible muscles – Greater resistance to fatigue – Blood supply to muscle increases  more oxygen Resistance – lifting weights – Muscles contract with a lot of force – Increase in muscle size and strength results in enlargement of individual muscle cells – Not an increase in number of muscle cells

23. How strong are your muscles and joints? http://dsc.discovery.com/tv/human- body/explorer/explorer.html http://dsc.discovery.com/tv/human- body/explorer/explorer.html

24. Steroids The practice of using artificial substances (like steroids) to enhance athletic performance is called doping. The body has many natural steroid hormones – male = cortisol and testosterone – Female = estrogen and progesterone Catabolic steroids break down tissue (reduce fat) Anabolic steroids build up tissue (increase muscle)

26. How steroids help muscles get bigger Anabolic steroids increase muscle strength by encouraging new muscle growth. Similar to the male sex hormone, testosterone – so they enhance male reproductive and secondary sex characteristics (testicle development, hair growth, thickening of the vocal cords).

27. Anabolic steroids stimulate the formation of muscles cells and hence cause an increase in the size of skeletal muscles leading to increased strength. They allow the athlete to train harder and longer at any given period. How steroids help muscles get bigger

28. What are some effects of steroids? Jaundice and liver damage because these substances are normally broken down in the liver Mood swings, depression and aggression because they act on various centers of the brain In males, the excessive concentrations interfere with normal sexual function and cause: Baldness, Infertility, Breast development In females, the excessive concentrations cause male characteristics to develop and interfere with normal female functions. The drugs can: Stimulate hair growth on the face and body, Suppress or interfere with menstrual cycle, possibly leading to infertility, Thicken the vocal cords, which causes the voice to deepen, possibly permanently, If pregnant, interfere with the developing fetus

29. Summarize Put today’s lesson in your own words!!

30. Binder Check – worksheets must be complete and in this order: 1.Worksheet - Identify Bones/Types of Bones 2.Cornell Notes – Functions of Bones 3.Cornell Notes - Types of Muscle Cells 4.Worksheet – Skeletal Muscle Names 5.Cornell Notes – Muscle Physiology/Steroids 6. Skeletal Muscle Names Flash Cards Due Friday, December 2