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Published byPhillip Pearson Modified over 9 years ago
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Matter is anything which has mass & takes up space (VOLUME) Matter is what makes up everything around us. 2
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What is matter made of? 3
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Greek “thinker” had an idea If you continued cutting something up into smaller pieces, eventually you would get to the smallest particle He called these particles “ATOMA” 5
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HHas four principles: 1. All matter is made up of tiny particles 6
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2. A substance is made of the same type of particle. Different substances are made of different particles. SUBSTANCE A SUBSTANCE B 7
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3. Particles are always moving. The more energy they have, the faster they move. 8
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Particle Theory explains how dissolving works 11
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There are 3 states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas 12
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SSOLIDS ▪S▪Strongest attractive forces ▪R▪Require most energy to break apart ▪R▪Results in a fixed shape 13
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LLIQUIDS PParticles not held together as tightly because of weaker attractive forces TThis results in liquids not being able to hold their shape 14
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GASES Almost no force holding atoms together This results in gases spreading out when not in a container. Gases can’t hold their shape or volume. 15
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To change the state of matter you must increase the speed of particles But How? 16
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Change states of matter by heating the substance. 17
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Matter can be classified as 1.PURE SUBSTANCES Substances containing particles which are chemically joined Can’t be separated easily 2.MIXTURES SSubstances containing particles which are not chemically joined. CCan be separated easily 20
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What are pure substances? Substances containing atoms which are chemically joined Can’t be separated easily There are two types of pure substances: 1.Elements 2.Compounds 22
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WWhat does chemically joined mean? MMeans 1 or more atoms are kept together by their attractive forces for each other TThese atoms are kept together and act as a “couple” 23
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1.ELEMENTS SSubstances containing 1 type of atom EExample – Oxygen has a chemical formula of O 2 There are 2 types of pure substances 24
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2.COMPOUNDS CContain 2 or more different types of atoms in a fixed proportion EExample – Water has a chemical formula of H 2 O 25
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What are mixtures? Substances containing atoms which are NOT chemically joined Can be separated easily There are two types of mixtures: 1.Heterogeneous Mixtures 2.Homogeneous Mixtures 27
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Mixtures can be separated easily. 28
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TAP WATER WOULD BE A _________________ DISTILLED WATER WOULD BE A _________________ 29
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1.HOMOGENOUS MIXTURES AAlso called SOLUTIONS CCan’t see individual parts of the mixture LLooks like one thing……. but a solution can be separate easily There are 2 types of mixtures 30
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In a homogenous mixture, the individual parts are ``evenly spread out`` So it looks like ``one thing`` 31
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Milk 32
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2.HETEROGENOUS MIXTURES YYou can see the individual parts of the solution There are 2 types of mixtures 33
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