1. AAPA Q TMR Senior Management Meeting 23 June 2010 – Sustainability - issues & options Sustainability - issues & options Rob Vos Queensland Executive

2. AAPA Q TMR Senior Management Meeting 23 June 2010 – Sustainability - issues & options Sustainability and management www.aapa.asn.au “If you don’t measure it you can’t manage it” Are we measuring enough of what’s important o Safety impacts – skid resistance, geometrics, events o Pavement – what’s there, how is it performing? Local materials perform differently Understand and test pavement strengths Promote innovative greener / safer options

3. AAPA Q TMR Senior Management Meeting 23 June 2010 – Sustainability - issues & options www.aapa.asn.au Adequate funding is a sustainability requirement

4. AAPA Q TMR Senior Management Meeting 23 June 2010 – Sustainability - issues & options Sustainability and road funding levels www.aapa.asn.au

5. AAPA Q TMR Senior Management Meeting 23 June 2010 – Sustainability - issues & options Including all the costs www.aapa.asn.au Overall costs of road transport – who carries the biggest load? Smooth roads reduce fuel consumption Users carry 95% of costs >7% saving in costs

6. AAPA Q TMR Senior Management Meeting 23 June 2010 – Sustainability - issues & options Measuring & managing www.aapa.asn.au Measuring “carbon” o Collaborative efforts of government & industry o Firm opportunities to use sustainable products Energy used in asphalt manufacture Road surfacing vs road construction – carbon generation Carbon footprint calculators RTA Greenhouse gas inventory 2000 - 2001

7. AAPA Q TMR Senior Management Meeting 23 June 2010 – Sustainability - issues & options www.aapa.asn.au Embodied energy & CO 2

8. AAPA Q TMR Senior Management Meeting 23 June 2010 – Sustainability - issues & options Material scarcity www.aapa.asn.au Scarcity considerations for materials Peak oil myth or message? Human Skills DETAIL ON SOME PRODUCTSAvailability 15 to 20 yearsGreen Alternates Q1Quarry products – road baseOK, limits in urban areasNo – cheapest option Q2Quarry products – concrete stoneOK, limits in urban areasNo – cheapest option Q3Quarry products – asphalt stoneOK, limits in urban areasNo – cheapest option Q4Quarry products – surfacingsAs above but high PAFVManufactured & slag C1Cementitious – limeCapacity limitationsImports? Fly ash C2Cementitious – cementOK, some capacity limitsImports C3Cementitious - fly ashCapacity & quality limits B1Binders – bitumenOK, high import capacityResearch level only, plant based, Tars – economic, not green B2Binders – polymer modifiedProduction capacity limitsCrumb rubber - waste B3Binders – bitumen emulsionsProduction availability & limitsNo B4Binders – cutback bitumenOK, no known limits, JetA1Emulsions F1Fuels – dieselOK, imports vs limitsLNG F2Fuels – petrolOK, imports vs limitsEthanol & LPG F3Fuels – keroseneOK, no known limits, JetA1No F4Fuels – LPGLimited by distributionNo F5Fuels – LNGLimited by facilitiesNo F6Fuels – fuel oilOK, coal dust alternateLNG, LPG

9. AAPA Q TMR Senior Management Meeting 23 June 2010 – Sustainability - issues & options Skill scarcity www.aapa.asn.au Construction’s boom & bust cycle RIP - good demand smoothing & cost reducing Are not locally sufficient in skills nor Australia New “green skills” need to be grown

10. AAPA Q TMR Senior Management Meeting 23 June 2010 – Sustainability - issues & options Improving performance and sustainability www.aapa.asn.au Performance improvements Flexible pavements solutions available – now Flexible pavement solutions – on the horizon

11. AAPA Q TMR Senior Management Meeting 23 June 2010 – Sustainability - issues & options Perpetual pavements Never exceed maximum tensile strength Top down cracking only failure mechanism Replace wearing course periodically Manage by pavement deflections Very long life Ownership simplified Materials saved www.aapa.asn.au 40 – 75 mm SMA, OGA 100 to 150 mm 75 to 100 mm

12. AAPA Q TMR Senior Management Meeting 23 June 2010 – Sustainability - issues & options Flexible pavements solutions available – now www.aapa.asn.au Perpetual pavements Recycled asphalt pavements (RAP) Warm mix asphalt – process change on DGA Emulsion based primes, primer seal & seals Use of waste material – tyres, glass & fly ash Bitumen stabilised materials – foamed asphalt Protection of scarce road surfacing gravel Modified binders for temperature risk Social responsibility – lower odour binders

13. AAPA Q TMR Senior Management Meeting 23 June 2010 – Sustainability - issues & options Warm Mix Asphalt www.aapa.asn.au

14. AAPA Q TMR Senior Management Meeting 23 June 2010 – Sustainability - issues & options Use of waste material – crumb rubber www.aapa.asn.au Motor car & truck tyres a land fill problem Unhealthy in stockpiles – flies, mosquitoes.. Can be shredded forming an elastomeric modifier Concerns: o Fumes with possible health impacts at 200°C temps o Limits to availability o Transport/storage stability variable “Green”, but health issues unclear & need evaluation...

15. AAPA Q TMR Senior Management Meeting 23 June 2010 – Sustainability - issues & options Modified binders for temperature risk www.aapa.asn.au UsageNameSoftening Point Range ⁰C Observation Seal grade bitumenCL17046 - 52Lab results Seal grade PMB low stressS0.3B48 - 562 to 4 ⁰C improvement Seal grade PMB high stressS4.5S82 - 10036 to 48 ⁰C improvement Seal grade Crumb RubberS15RF55 - 659 to 13 ⁰C improvement Asphalt grade bitumenCL32048 - 54Lab results Asphalt grade PMB low stressA0.6S65 - 9517 to 41 ⁰C improvement Asphalt grade PMB high stressA5S82 - 10534 to 51 ⁰C improvement

16. AAPA Q TMR Senior Management Meeting 23 June 2010 – Sustainability - issues & options Flexible pavement solutions – on the horizon www.aapa.asn.au Carbon Capture in bitumen production Putting waste products to use Bitumen substitutes Energy from asphalt Active asphalt

17. AAPA Q TMR Senior Management Meeting 23 June 2010 – Sustainability - issues & optionsVegecol

18. Overview Managing our C0 2 & sustainability issues requires measurement and relative assessments of our impact – road users too Opportunities exist to promote a more sustainable flexible pavement sector Innovation and new approaches exist and should be being implemented now Time to open up to allow progress into more sustainable outcomes www.aapa.asn.au