2. Islam Test Study Guide a paw print production assisted by Fernandez-Penny Inc. a paw print production assisted by Fernandez-Penny Inc.

3. 1) a city in Western Saudi Arabia; one of the two holiest cities of Islam, formally known as Yathrib  Medina “City of the Prophet”

4. 2) the holy book of Islam containing what Allah revealed to Muhammad Qur’an

5. 3) a journey to a sacred place or shrine  pilgrimage

6. 4) the leader or ruler of a Muslim state; the word means “successor” caliph

7. 5) prophet and founder of Islam; proclaimed message of Allah; considered by Muslims to be the last prophet  Muhammad

8. 6) the Arabic word for God Allah

9. 7) An area of vegetation fed by underground springs and surrounded by desert  oasis

10. 8) a person who moves from one area to another and does not have a permanent home Nomad

11. 9) a city in Western Saudi Arabia; the birth place of the prophet Muhammad; the holiest Muslim city  Mecca

12. 10) a group of people related by blood or marriage Clan

13. 11) A building for Muslim worship designed to face the city of Mecca  Mosque

14. 12) the belief in one God monotheism 1 GOD

15. 13) a guide for proper Muslim living based on the teachings and words of Muhammad  Sunnah

16. 14) A member of the branch of Islam that supports the descendants of Muhammad as his rightful successors; only a descendant of Muhammad may be ruler or caliph Shi’a or Shiite

17. 15) the branch of Islam that accepts the validity of the first four caliphs as successors to Muhammad; any Muslim who follows Muhammad’s example may be ruler or caliph  Sunni

18. 16) the religion practiced by Muslims based on the teachings of the prophet Muhammad and the words of Allah in the holy book, the Qur’an Islam

19. 17) For Muslims, a pilgrimage or sacred journey to Mecca that every Muslim must go on once in a lifetime  Hajj

20. 18) A Muslim prayer leader imam

21. 19) the ninth month of the Muslim calendar, marked by fasting, Muhammad received his first message from Allah during this month – Muslims do not eat or drink from sun up to sun down  Ramadan

22. 20) prayer, said five times a day; one of the Five Pillars of Islam Salat

23. 21) a shrine in Mecca that Muslims believe was built by Abraham and his son Ishmael as a temple to God  Ka’aba

24. 22) The term means “to struggle”; to do one’s best, to resist temptation and overcome evil; in more recent years the word has come to mean Muslim holy war Jihad

25. 23) a religious leader or other person who claims to carry the message of God  Prophet

26. 24) The migration in CE 622 of Muhammad from Mecca to Yathrib, now called Medina Hijrah

27. 25) the head scarf worn by some Muslim women to cover the head and hair  Hijab

28. 26) What is an oasis AND why are they important on the Arabian Peninsula? An oasis is a fertile area in the middle of the desert – they are important water sources for nomads and traders, and help the growth of cities

29. 27) What is the Ka’aba, where is it located, and who built it?  The Ka’aba is a religious shrine in Mecca. It is believed to be built by the prophet Abraham and his son Ishmael as a temple to God

30. 28) What is Islam’s main teaching?  There is only ONE god ONE god

31. 29) What was the main effect of the growth of trade on the Arabian Peninsula?  As trade increased on the Arabian Peninsula so did the cultural exchange between people from distant places including religion and language

32. 30) What happened after Muhammad’s death?  First, Muslim panicked without a successor, then they elected Abu Bakr to lead. Muslims believed God should be worshipped, not Muhammad.

33. 31) Why did the Muslim community split?  A group of Muslims  First, did not accept the leadership of three of the first four caliphs after Muhammad  Second, they did not accept or like the leadership of the Umayyads – who did not practice Islam like Muhammad  Third, believed that only a relative of Muhammad could be a rightful ruler for Muslims

34. 32) How were clans important to Bedouin life on the Arabian Peninsula?  Clans supported each other in the harsh desert climate. People relied on their families to survive.

35. 33) Why do you think Muhammad began his teaching in Mecca?  Muhammad was born in Mecca and it was in Mecca he received the message of Allah from the angel Gabriel

36. 34) What did Muhammad do after God spoke to him through the angel Gabriel?  Muhammad began preaching that there was only one God

37. 35) Why were people on the Arabian Peninsula nomads?  the desert climate was not good for farming and people were forced to move from place to place to find food and water

38. 36) Why did the Shiites oppose the Umayyad rule, when they took over the Muslim Empire?  they did not follow Muhammad’s example  they were extravagant and surrounded themselves with riches  they did not live a simple life  they were not descendants of Muhammad

39. 37) Why did Muhammad and his followers migrate to Yathrib (current day Medina)?  Muhammad and his followers were persecuted (attacked) for their belief in one god  They left Mecca because they were in danger

40. 38) What did Abu Bakr do when he became the first caliph after Muhammad's death? 1) He promised to follow Muhammad’s example 2) He used military force to reunite the Muslim people

41. 39) Why was Mecca an important trade center?  Mecca was located on three major trade routes, so people passed through the city very frequently

42. 40) What beliefs do Muslims, Christians and Jewish people share?  All three believe that Abraham was a prophet  All three use a holy book  All three use prayer  All three have a house of worship  All three believe in one GOD  All three originated in the Middle East

43. 41) Why did many people convert to Islam when the Muslim Empire expanded?  People were drawn to Islam’s message of hope and peace  Muslims received certain tax breaks

44. 42) How were the actions of the Umayyad family different than the four caliphs that ruled before them?  The Umayyads surrounded themselves with luxury and riches  They did not live a simple life and help spread the wealth to all Muslims

45. 43) Who took control of the Muslim Empire after the Umayyads?  The Abbasids

46. 44) A golden age in the Muslim Empire occurred during the rule of the Abbasids. What is a golden age?  A golden age is a time when a society or culture is at its peak.  More arts, education, and learning is taking place during a golden age

47. The Five Pillars of Islam SHAHADASHAHADA SALATSALAT ZAKATZAKAT SAWMSAWM HAJJHAJJ 12 34 5

48. SHAHADA Muslims must publicly recite the prayer – “There is only one god and Muhammad is the prophet of God” This statement of faith is so important, it should be spoken when a baby is born and when someone dies

49. A Muslim’s five daily prayers Muslims cleanse there bodies before prayer, because they are presenting themselves in front of their God Muslims pray facing the holy city of Mecca Muslims can pray at a house of worship called a mosque SALAT

50. When Muslims donate a certain percentage of their money or riches to the poor population Zakat is an opportunity for Muslims to spread their wealth among people in greater need Muslims can donate money, jewelry, or food if appropriate ZAKAT

51. Fasting from sun-up to sun-down during the ninth month of the Muslim calendar, Ramadan The fast teaches self discipline and self control and Muslims believe Sawm helps them live their lives according to the will of Allah During the nights of Ramadan Muslims recite long passages from the Qur’an SAWM

52. The pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca that Muslims must go on once in a lifetime Muslims visit the Ka’aba, a holy shrine in the center of Mecca and perform other important rituals Only Muslims who are healthy and able to go on the Hajj are required to attend Muslims wear very plain clothing to emphasize equality among all Muslims HAJJ

53. Test Information / The Islam Test is this Friday 11/7/08!! / The Islam Test is 60 points!! / The Islam Test will consist of a multiple choice section, a vocabulary section with a word bank, a fill in the blank section on the Five Pillars of Islam, and an extra credit section / Use your study guide and all the assignments in your unit packet to prepare and study for the test / The Islam Unit packet with all the assignments is also due on Friday / The Islam Test is this Friday 11/7/08!! / The Islam Test is 60 points!! / The Islam Test will consist of a multiple choice section, a vocabulary section with a word bank, a fill in the blank section on the Five Pillars of Islam, and an extra credit section / Use your study guide and all the assignments in your unit packet to prepare and study for the test / The Islam Unit packet with all the assignments is also due on Friday

54. Don’t be lazy like me....Please study for your Islam Test!!!