1. Chapter 3: Power supplies and Form Factors

2. After you have completed this lesson, you will be able to:
Objectives
After you have completed this lesson, you will be able to:
Identify different kinds of power supply, computer case, and form factor
Describe how electricity is measure
Protect your computer system against damaging changes in electrical power
Describe Energy Star specifications
Install power supply & troubleshoot electrical problem
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3. In this chapter, you will learn:
Scenario
In this chapter, you will learn:
Computer case, Motherboard, and Power Supply Form Factor
Type of Form Factor
Types of cases
Measures and properties of electricity
Protect your computer system
Energy Star system
Troubleshooting the electrical system
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4. Computer Case, Motherboard and Power Supply
Form Factor describes the size, shape, and major features of a hardware component.
The Form Factor of motherboard, power supply, and case must all match
Using a matching form factor for the mother board, power supply, and case assures you that:
The motherboard fit in the case
The power supply cords and voltage match to the board
The holes in motherboard align with the hole in the case
Holes in the case align with port coming of the motherboard
For some form factors, wires for switches and lights on the front of the case match up with connection on the board
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5. Computer Case, Motherboard and Power Supply
A computer case is also known as a chassis
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6. In this chapter, you will learn:
Scenario
In this chapter, you will learn:
Computer case, Motherboard, and Power Supply Form Factor
Type of Form Factor
Types of cases
Measures and properties of electricity
Protect your computer system
Energy Star system
Troubleshooting the electrical system
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7. Type of Form Factor
Different form factors apply to power supplies, cases, and motherboards:
BTX
ATX
LPX
NLX
Backplane systems
AT form factor (outdated)
The most common form factor: ATX, MicroATX, BTX, and NLX
The most popular form factor is ATX
BTX is the latest
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8. Type of Form Factor 12” x 13.8 “ 1980s +5, -5, +12, -12 volts
AT original IBM AT(Advance Technology) personal computer used in the 1980s. A small call Baby AT.
AT is difficult to install, service, and upgrade. It is place in front of the expansion slot; long cards might not fit the slots
12” x 13.8 “
1980s
+5, -5, +12, -12 volts
Uses p8, p9 connector
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9. Type of Form Factor
Baby AT provide more flexibility than Full AT. Standard form factor from power supply designed for Baby AT blow air out of the computer case, rather than pull air into it as does the AT case fan. 13” x 8.7”
No longer produced.
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10. Type of Form Factor 12” x 9.6” most common by Intel 1995
better arrange
reduce EMI
installing simpler
CPU beside
expansion slot
blow air out of
case
use P1 connector
Soft switch or
soft power
Mini-ATX 11.2” x 8.2 “
flexATX is used in slimline and all-in-one cases, allow maximum flexibility in the design of system case and boards so can be good choice for custom systems.
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11. Type of Form Factor
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12. Type of Form Factor MicroATX Form Factor
Reduce total cost of a system by reducing:
I/O slots on the motherboard
Power supply to the motherboard
Allowing for a smaller case size
BTX (Balanced Technology Extended) Form Factor
Flexible and can be use by large to small system
Support ATA, USB 2.0, and PCI Express technologies
Reducing heat with better air flow, improve fan and cooler
Use 24-pin power connector
LPX and Mini-LPX Form Factors
Develop by Western Digital
Use small case call low-Profile cases and slimline cases
Has only one expansion slot with a riser card mounted
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13. Type of Form Factor
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14. Type of Form Factor NLX Form Factor Backplane Systems
For low-end personal computer motherboard
Developed by Intel in 1998 to improve old LPX
The riser card is on the edge of the board
Designed to use ATX power supplies
Backplane Systems
Do not use a true motherboard
Active Backplane: no circuit other than connectors and some buffer and driver circuits
Passive backplanes: contain no circuitry at all
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15. Type of Form Factor
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16. Type of Form Factor
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17. In this chapter, you will learn:
Scenario
In this chapter, you will learn:
Computer case, Motherboard, and Power Supply Form Factor
Type of Form Factor
Types of cases
Measures and properties of electricity
Protect your computer system
Energy Star system
Troubleshooting the electrical system
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18. Type of Cases Desktop Cases
Classic case with four drives bay and around six expansion slots
A monitor is stand on the case
The motherboard sits on the bottom of the case with power supply at the back
Compact cases or low-profile cases or slim-line cases follows either the NLX LPX or Mini-LPX form factor likely to have fewer drive bays, and some expansion.
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19. Type of Cases Tower Cases Minitower (Microtower) Full-size towers
Can be as high as two feet and has several room drives
Often used for servers, and good for PC users for upgrade
Provide maximum space for working inside
The variations in case are as follows:
Midsize towers, also called miditowers are the most popular
Have around 6 expansion slots and 4 hard drives bays
Used for ATX, Mini-ATX, and BTX systems
Minitower (Microtower)
Is the smallest type of tower case, no room for expansion
Full-size towers
Used for high-end personal computers and servers
Build for ATX, Mini-ATX, and BTX system
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20. Type of Cases
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21. Type of Cases Notebook case Are used for portable computers
Conserve space, allow portability, use less power, produce less heat
Manufacturer
Web site
Asus
Axxion Group Coperation
Enlight Corporation
Maxpoint Computers
MGE Company
PC Power and Cooling
PCI Case Group
Sunus Suntek
Table Manufacturers of cases and power supplies for personal computers
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22. In this chapter, you will learn:
Scenario
In this chapter, you will learn:
Computer case, Motherboard, and Power Supply Form Factor
Type of Form Factor
Types of cases
Measures and properties of electricity
Protect your computer system
Energy Star system
Troubleshooting the electrical system
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23. Measures and Properties of Eelectricity
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24. Power supplies and Form Factors AC and DC
AC (alternating current): goes back and forth
DC (direct current): travel in only one direction
Rectifier: is a device that converts AC to DC
Transformer: is a device that changes the ratio of current to voltage
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25. Some Common Electronic Components
Usa use 110 v
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26. In this chapter, you will learn:
Scenario
In this chapter, you will learn:
Computer case, Motherboard, and Power Supply Form Factor
Type of Form Factor
Types of cases
Measures and properties of electricity
Protect your computer system
Energy Star system
Troubleshooting the electrical system
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27. Protecting Your Computer System
Static Electricity (or ESD)
Is the phenomenon that can damage component when you touch these components. To protect ESD use:
Ground bracelet or static strap
Ground mats
Static shielding bags
EMI (Electromagnetic Interference)
Is cause by magnetic field produced as a side effect when electricity flows
Surge Protection and Battery Backup (UPS)
Surge Suppressors (surge protector)
Power Conditioner
Uninterruptible Power Supply
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28. Protecting Your Computer System
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29. Protecting Your Computer System
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30. Protecting Your Computer System
What to consider when buying a UPS
Clamping voltage:
Joule(jewel)
Line conditiners
Swell or spikes
Brownouts or sags
Line-interactive
Smart ups or intelligent ups
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31. In this chapter, you will learn:
Scenario
In this chapter, you will learn:
Computer case, Motherboard, and Power Supply Form Factor
Type of Form Factor
Types of cases
Measures and properties of electricity
Protect your computer system
Energy Star system
Troubleshooting the electrical system
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32. Energy Star Systems (The Green Star)
Also called Green Standards:
A computer or devices that conforms to these standards can go into sleep or doze mode when not in use, thus saving energy and helping the environment.
Power-management method and features
ACPI (Advance Configuration and Power Interface)
APM (Advanced Power Management)
AT Attachment (ATA)
Display Power Management Signaling (DPMS)
Energy Star Monitor
Green Standards, generally mean that the computer or the devices has a standby program that switches the device to sleep mode when it is not in use.
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33. Energy Star Systems (The Green Star)
Green Standards, generally mean that the computer or the devices has a standby program that switches the device to sleep mode when it is not in use.
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34. In this chapter, you will learn:
Scenario
In this chapter, you will learn:
Computer case, Motherboard, and Power Supply Form Factor
Type of Form Factor
Types of cases
Measures and properties of electricity
Protect your computer system
Energy Star system
Troubleshooting the electrical system
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35. Troubleshooting the Electrical System
Possible symptoms of a problem with the electrical system are:
The PC appears “dead”—no lights, no spinning drive or fan
The PC sometimes halts during boots. After several tries, it boots successfully.
Error codes or beeps occur during booting, but they come and go.
You smell burnt parts or odors. (Definitely not a good sign!)
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36. Troubleshooting the Electrical System
Check the simple things firs. Try these things:
Is everything connected and turned on? Are any cable connections loose? Is the computer plugged in?
Are all the switches turn on?
If the fan is not running, turn off the computer, open the case (Check connection of cable, are all card securely seat)
If you smell burnt parts, turn off the system and carefully search for the source of the problem
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37. Troubleshooting the Electrical System
Problems with external power
Problem with loose internal connections
Problem that come and go
Problem with an inadequate power supply
Problem with the power supply, boards, or drives
Problem with the power supply fan
Problem with the mother board
Problem with overheating
Replacing the power supply
Detail in other file
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38. Summary active backplane electromagnetic interference (EMI)
passive backplane
alternating current (AC)
Energy Star
Power conditioners AT
field replaceable unit (FRU)
rectifier
ATX
Flex ATX
resistor
Baby AT
Form factor
sags
backplane system
full AT
sleep mode
BTX (Balance Technology Extended)
Green Standard
slimline case
bus riser
intelligent UPS
smart UPS
capacitor
LPX
surge suppressor
diode
Micro-ATX
tower case
direct current (DC)
Mini-LPX
transformer
desktop case
NLX
transistor
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39. Summary
Form Factor is a set of specifications for the size and configuration of hardware components, such as case power supplies and mother boards.
The most common form factor is ATX. The other like AT, Baby AT, BTX, LPX and NLX, Backplane System.
Case type include desktop, low-profile or slimline desktop, minitower, miditower, full-size tower and notebook. Miditower is the most popular today.
Microcomputer requires Direct Current, which convert from AC (Alternating Current).
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40. Summary
A power supply is actually a transformer and rectifier, rather than a supplier of power.
A transistor is a gate or switch for an electrical signal, a capacitor holds an electrical charge, a diode allow electricity to flow in one direction, and a resistor limits electrical current.
To protect a computer against ESD, use a ground bracelet, ground mat, and static shielding bags.
Device that control the electricity to a computer include surge suppressors, line conditioner, and UPS.
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41. Power supplies and Form Factors QUIZ – choose the correct answer
How many kind of UPS are there?
Line conditioner level the AC to reduce
- brownout spikes
- power voltage
A faulty power supply can cause:
- Memory error - data errors
- system hangs - reboot
- it can damage a mother board or other components
Device that are Energy Star-compliant go into sleep mode, in which they use less than
- 35 watts of power watts of power
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42. Video ‘chapter 3/Replacing the power supply’
Question
Questions?
Video ‘chapter 3/Replacing the power supply’
and now it’s time to practice
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