1. Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Chapter 30 The Future of Public Health Nursing

2. Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. 2 Health Trends in the 21 st Century Continued focus on core public health functions: –Assessment –Advocacy and policy development –Assurance

3. Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. 3 Health Trends in the 21st Century Reducing health disparities –Access to health care Frontier communities –Quality of life –Longevity

4. Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. 4 Health Trends in the 21 st Century Lifestyle issues –Risk of stroke –Risk for cancer –Increased risk of heart disease

5. Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. 5 Health Trends in the 21 st Century Immunizations and medications –Preventing antibiotic misuse –New medications, cost of prescription drugs

6. Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. 6 Health Trends in the 21 st Century Access to health care –Cover the uninsured Week Environmental health –Environmental risk assessment –Bridge the gap between environmental science and traditional health –Environmental justice

7. Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. 7 Genetics Topics –Genetic diagnostic testing and early interventions –Embryonic and fetal research –Frozen embryos –Genetic counselor licensing

8. Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. 8 Genetics Topics –Genetic privacy –Health insurance –Human cloning –Life –Disability and long term care insurance –Newborn screening

9. Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. 9 Policy Advocacy Active in policy development –National Association of City and County Health Officers Resolutions Voluntary accreditation Proceed with caution in adopting national standards for certification

10. Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. 10 Policy Advocacy Future thinking –Futuring Benefits –Prepare for what you will face in the future –Anticipate future needs –Use partial or preliminary information as needed

11. Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. 11 Policy Advocacy Expect the unexpected –Think long term as well as short term –Dream productively –Learn from predecessors

12. Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. 12 Policy Advocacy Methods of future thinking and scenario development –Four methods for futuring: 1.Polling 2.Gaming 3.Modeling and simulation 4.Visioning

13. Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. 13 Policy Advocacy Visioning process –Five stages 1.Identification of problems 2.Identification of past successes 3.Identification of desires for future 4.Identification of measurable goals 5.Identification of resources to achieve goals

14. Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. 14 Policy Advocacy Public health systems issues –Systems planning perspective Levels of leadership –Personal leadership development –Team leadership development –Agency leadership development Community and professional level

15. Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. 15 Quality Improvement Performance standards Performance measures Quality improvement efforts

16. Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. 16 Quality Improvement Public health workforce disarray –Under funded and uncoordinated in delivery –Lacking competency-based curriculum

17. Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. 17 Quality Improvement Competency-based practice –Core public health worker competencies for emergency preparedness and response –Public health informatics

18. Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. 18 Workforce Trends in Public Health Nursing Four trends: 1.Aging public health workforce and shrinking labor pool 2.High percentage of workers retiring 3.Chronic shortage of professional public health workers 4.High turnover rates

19. Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. 19 Workforce Trends in Public Health Nursing Capacity building Healthy cities movement Research and evidence-based practice –More research needs to be conducted –Methods Meta analysis, risk assessment, economic evaluation, public health surveillance, expert panel

20. Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. 20 Workforce Trends in Public Health Nursing Best practices Dissemination research –Active rather than passive dissemination approaches –Educational outreach and reminders strategies –Multifaceted interventions based on assessment of potential barriers

21. Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. 21 Workforce Trends in Public Health Nursing Expert panel reviews of evidence –Guide to Community Preventive Services –Guide to Clinical Preventive Services