1. ICAO INTERNATIONAL AIRWAYS VOLCANO WATCH (IAVW)

2. 2 DEFINITION In Annex 3 (since November 1998) IAVW: –International arrangements for monitoring and providing warnings to aircraft of volcanic ash in the atmosphere

3. 3 BACKGROUND Beginning in 1987 Role of VAWSG (created in 1982) Cooperation of international organizations How? –SIGMETs (MWOs) –NOTAMs (ACCs)

4. 4 BACKGROUND Difficulty in providing accurate info up to 12 hours –Designation of VAACs, on advice from WMO; –SIGMET& outlook –VAACs designated subject to RAN agreement Operational procedures developed – Involvement of other international organizations Based on experience Responsibilities in Annex 3 (November 1998)

5. 5 BACKGROUND Operational procedures include in the Handbook on the IAVW (Doc 9766) –last update in 2004 Latest developments: –New format for VAAs (2001) –Review of Regional SIGMET Guides (2004) –Inclusion of selected volcano observatories in ICAO provisions (2004) –Establishment of IAVWOPSG (2003)

6. 6 OPERATION Structure of the IAVW Observing part –Detection of eruptions and volcanic ash –Notification of MWOs, ACCs & VAACs From a number of sources Warning –Volcanic ash advisories (by VAACs) –Alphanumeric & graphical format –SIGMETs (by MWOs) –NOTAMs/ASHTAMs (by ACCs)

7. 7 OPERATION Observing component Ground-based component –Difficulties in receiving initial notification Air-reporting component –Operating well in general –Further work is necessary Space-based component –Satellite data critical –Scope for improvement

8. 8 OPERATION THIRD INT. WORKSHOP ON VOLCANIC ASH METEOSAT (MSG) MODIS G-bIRD VAFTAD CANERM MOCAGE PERLE HYSPLIT NAME PUFF

9. 9 OPERATION Warning component VAAC Provider States –Areas of responsibility determined by the coverage of satellite information Main international airways covered first Organized tracks with adequate coverage Future coverage of major traffic flows Extension of areas of responsibility of VAACs Toulouse and Washington

10. 10

11. 11 OPERATION Warning component SIGMETs, NOTAMs, ASHTAMs –In general satisfactory –Difficulties in some areas with: Absence of SIGMETs

12. 12 OPERATION Warning component ICAO SIPs 2002-2003 Conceived to promote implementation of IAVW Meetings with ATS, MET, Vulcanological agencies Encouraging results

13. 13 OPERATION Warning component Advisory information –Format in Annex 3 since 1998 –Messages via AFTN –Graphical info on the ISCS & SADIS –Routed also to airlines Importance of the message format –Addressing individual offices (via AFTN) –Satellite broadcast offer an excellent means

14. 14 OPERATION

15. 15 EFFECT OF RECENT ERUPTIONS No respite in the recent past Economic cost estimation of U$ 250 Millions –Between 1982-2000

16. 16 EFFECT OF RECENT ERUPTIONS

17. 17 ISSUES TO BE SOLVED/ADDRESSED Timely notification –e.g. Infrasonics network (CTBTO) Communications difficulties between observing sources and ACCs, MWOs and VAACs

18. 18 GUIDANCE MATERIAL Handbook on the IAVW (DOC 9766) –Second edition in 2004 Manual on Volcanic Ash (DOC 9691) –Currently in updating process Training aids –“Volcanic ash avoidance” (Video) –“Warning-If you inadvertently enter a volcanic ash cloud” (Poster) World Map of Volcanoes and Principal Aeronautical Features –Conjoint effort

19. 19 “ Given the safety and economic implications of volcanic ash to aircraft operations, it is necessary to maintain the ICAO International Airways Volcano Watch in much the same way that the aerodrome fire services are maintained: in constant readiness but with the fervent hope that it rarely has to be used”