1. Rise of Labor Unions in the 19 th Century Gilded Age

2. How to share the wealth?

3. Negotiation Tools Labor Unions Collective Bargaining 3 rd Party Arbitration Pickett Boycott Slowdown Strike Safety in Numbers Management Collective Bargaining 3 rd Party Arbitration Yellow Dog Contact Court Injunction Blacklist (Now illegal) Hire Replacement Workers (Scabs) Lock- Out

4. What does this mean?

5. Knights of Labor (1869- 1886) The aims of the Knights of Labor included the following: An eight-hour work day Termination of child labor Termination of the convict contract labor system (the concern was not for the prisoners; the Knights opposed competition from this cheap source of labor) Establishment of cooperatives to replace the traditional wage system and help tame capitalism's excesses Equal pay for equal work Government ownership of telegraph facilities and the railroads A public land policy designed to aid settlers and not speculators A graduated income tax.

6. Haymarket Square Riot (1886) Knights won two strikes against railroads A Bomb went off and killed 7 police officers

7. Homestead Strike (1892) Carnegie Steel Factory Western Pennsylvannia 3,800 workers get pay cuts Carnegie hires strike breakers 300 Pinkerton detectives Violence Gov. sends in 8,000 militia To protect “scabs”

8. Pullman RR Strike (1894)

9. What happened that summer in Chicago? Causes Pullman Palace Car Company cut wages as demands for their train cars decreased and the company's revenue dropped. Workers begin to strike (already members of ARU led by Eugene Debs) they gain sympathy of 125,000 workers on twenty-nine railroads, all who had quit work rather than handle Pullman cars. Results The strike was broken up by United States Marshals and 12,000 United States Army troops, sent by President Grover Cleveland on the premise that the strike interfered with the delivery of U.S. Mail, and represented a threat to public safety. The arrival of the military led to further outbreaks of violence. During the course of the strike, 13 strikers were killed and 57 were wounded. An estimated 6,000 rail workers did $340,000 worth of property damage.

10. Reputations of Unions Suffered VIOLENT Communists Socialists Anarchists

11. American Federation of Labor (A.F. of L) Samuel GompersStrike as a last resort Skilled Workers Only“Bread and Butter”