1. 1/30/15 Objective: Who was Gregor Mendel and what were his contributions to genetics? Do Now: What is a trait, name a few

2. Gregor Mendel -The first scientist to experiment with inheritance Genetics: the study of heredity

3. These characteristics that Mendel could see are known as –TRAITS Specific characteristics of an individual.

4. Alleles -alternative forms of genes (ex: purple flower or white flower) -- 2 alleles for the gene, one from each parent

5. Dominant: A trait that will appear in the offspring if one parent contributes it, capital letter (B= Brown eyes) Recessive: a trait that must be contributed by both parents in order to appear in the offspring, lower case letter (b= blue eyes)

6. Homozygous: an individual with two of the SAME alleles Heterozygous: an individual with two DIFFERENT alleles

7. When Mendel crossed a purple flower with white flower all offspring were purple. What allele is dominant? –Purple Which means white is recessive. –Has the ability to pop up later

8. How do we express dominant vs recessive alleles? Using Capital and Lower case Letters. Capital = dominant Lowercase = recessive So using the pea plants flower color… P = purple p = white

9. This combination of alleles is referred to as the GENOTYPE: allele combination (PP, Pp, pp) –Heterozygous or homozygous The traits you actually see is referred to as your –PHENOTYPE: Physical features, characteristics you see from the genotype

10. Other Types of Inheritance… Incomplete Dominance: neither allele is dominant. A mixture of two alleles will show

11. Example –]: White chicken (WW) x black chicken (BB) Grey chicken (WB) 1 black (BB) + 2 Grey (WB) + 1 white (WW) Both genotypic and phenotypic ratio = 1:2:1 WB BBBB W W B WBWB WW WB BB

12. Try This Flower color is an example of incomplete dominance in roses. You are crossing a red rose with a white rose. What will the results of the F1 generation be? Show your results and then do a cross of the offspring from the F1 generation and give the phenotypic and genotypic ratios of the F2 generation.

13. Codominance Both alleles are dominant, so both alleles show (NOT A MIX like in incomplete dominance ) Example blood type (Type AB)

14. Multiple alleles shows codominance where both traits are expressed equally (not a mixture of the two) Cross a heterozygous type A with with a heterozygous type B

15. AOAO BOBO ABBO OOAO

16. Cross a type AB blood individual with a type O

17. ABAB OOOO AOBO AO