1. Building an Empire

3. Imperialism
Imperialism- Stronger nations attempt to create empires by dominating weaker nations – economically, politically or militarily. (Expansionism)

4. Justification of Imperialism
Social Darwinism – the nation’s with the best technology will survive
‘White Man’s Burden’- wealthy “advanced” nations have a duty to civilize and Christianize “backward” people
Achieve Military and Political “Glory”

5. Citizens are encouraging expansion
Reasons For Imperialism
Raw materials
New markets
Investments
Navy bases
Citizens are encouraging expansion

7. Hawaii
By the 1890’s populated with U.S. planters and missionaries. At the request of U.S. citizens, U.S. Marines overthrow Queen Lili (Liliuokalani). She fails to restore Hawaiian control.

8. Alaska
Secretary of State William Seward bought Alaska for $7 million from Russia
Seward’s Folly
Seward’s icebox

9. Causes of Spanish American War
1898
Yellow journalism- Hearst and Pulitzer encourage the war with news stories
In 1895 Cubans revolt against harsh conditions especially on sugar plantations. Spanish move Cubans into prison camps.
DeLome letter – insults Pres. McKinley (weak)

10. Havana Harbor 260 U.S. sailors killed `
Spanish American War
The Maine explodes
Havana Harbor 260 U.S. sailors killed
“Remember the Maine and kill Spain”
T.R. & the Rough Riders in Cuba
John Hay,Sec of State - “The Splendid little War”
Manila Bay in the Philippines taken by Adm. Dewey

13. Results of Spanish American War
Teller Amendment – U.S. will not control Cuba
Cuba becomes a ‘protectorate’
A new constitution is written includes:
Platt amendment –
US has the right to send/return troops (military intervention)
Cuba can not make agreements with foreign countries endangering its independence
US gets Guantanamo Bay

14. Philippines
Emilio Aquinaldo – leader of the Philippines independence movement
Insurrection: Aquinaldo had been supported by the U.S. against Spain now rebels against the USA.
3 years to end the insurrection
Philippines under U.S. control until 1946

15. U.S. as a World Power
China 1899 Sec of State John Hay asks for an “Open Door Policy” access for all countries to trade in China
1900 U.S. sends troops to put down Boxer Rebellion
Asia 1905 TR mediates treaty to end the Russian Japanese War – TR wins a Nobel Peace Prize
Great White Fleet – TR sends 16 battleships around the world as a sign of power and force

16. Roosevelt Corollary
An addition to the Monroe Doctrine
TR tells Europe to stay out of the Western Hemisphere – U.S. will be the police force & will aid Latin American countries if trouble
“Walk softly and carry a Big Stick”
Seen as a bully by Latin America

19. Panama Canal 1901 U.S. takes over French program to build the canal
Walter Reed: yellow fever from mosquitoes
1914 the canal is completed
Costs $400 million plus $25 million for and $250,000 per year to rent
1999 Panama Canal returned to Panama- treaty made by Pres. Carter

20. Dollar Diplomacy
President Taft uses diplomatic efforts to encourage and protect American investments in foreign countries

21. Wilson continues Imperialism
Sends troops to Haiti in 1915 – an American Protectorate
Purchases the Virgin Islands in 1917 from Denmark

22. Key People for Expansion
Teddy Roosevelt –
Assistant secretary of the Navy – orders Dewey to attack the Philippines
Fought in the Spanish American War
Teddy Roosevelt and the Rough Riders
Henry Cabot Lodge & Alfred Beveridge
Pro imperialist senators
Alfred Mahan
Author who promotes the idea that a strong navy is key to being a powerful nation