1. Vapor pressure is mostly a function of air temperature

2. Same Liquid – Two Temps. The red curve has more molecules with enough energy to evaporate.

3. Equilibrium Vapor Pressure  The pressure of the vapor present at equilibrium.  Determined principally by the size of the intermolecular forces in the liquid.  Increases significantly with temperature.  Volatile liquids have high vapor pressures.

4. The normal boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which the vapor pressure equals 1 atmosphere. Diethyl ether Ethanol Water

5. Forces of Attraction Adhesive Forces Forces of attraction between substances Cohesive Forces Forces of attraction within substances.

6. Some Properties of a Liquid  Surface Tension: The resistance to an increase in its surface area (polar molecules, liquid metals).  Capillary Action: Spontaneous rising of a liquid in a narrow tube.

7. Some Properties of a Liquid  Viscosity: Resistance to flow  High viscosity is an indication of strong indication of strong intermolecular forces intermolecular forces