2. Mobilizing for War

3. Consumer GoodsMilitary Goods “If you are going to try and go to war, or to prepare for war, in a capitalist country, you have got to let businesses make money out of the process or business won’t work.” Henry Stimson

4. Building up the Army

5. Selective Service and Training Act This was a plan for the first peacetime draft in American history This was a plan for the first peacetime draft in American history Before 1940 most Americans opposed a peacetime draft Before 1940 most Americans opposed a peacetime draft What changed their minds…? What changed their minds…? Germany defeated France in 1940 Germany defeated France in 1940

6. Selective Service System Today Men between the ages of 18-25 are required by law to register Men between the ages of 18-25 are required by law to register 1948-1973 during peacetime and conflict men were drafted to fill vacancies that weren’t filled through volunteers 1948-1973 during peacetime and conflict men were drafted to fill vacancies that weren’t filled through volunteers 1973=all volunteer military 1973=all volunteer military Registration ended in 1975 and re-began in 1980 Registration ended in 1975 and re-began in 1980

7. U.S. Policies… Do you think that current policy would allow the government to mobilize effectively? Do you think that current policy would allow the government to mobilize effectively? How do you feel about requiring persons of specific ages, gender, and citizenship status to register? How do you feel about requiring persons of specific ages, gender, and citizenship status to register? What if someone refuses to register? Will they get in trouble? What if someone refuses to register? Will they get in trouble? Do you think that women should be required to register? Why or why not? Do you think that women should be required to register? Why or why not?

8. Entering the Army Reception center=physical exams and injections against smallpox and typhoid Reception center=physical exams and injections against smallpox and typhoid Issued uniforms, boots, and equipment Issued uniforms, boots, and equipment Clothing labeled G.I. which stood for Government Issue Clothing labeled G.I. which stood for Government Issue Basic training=8 weeks Basic training=8 weeks Basic training broke down barriers between soldiers Basic training broke down barriers between soldiers

9. Basic Training Training created a “special sense of kinship…The reason you storm the beaches is not patriotism or bravery. It’s that sense of not wanting to fail your buddies.” Training created a “special sense of kinship…The reason you storm the beaches is not patriotism or bravery. It’s that sense of not wanting to fail your buddies.”

10. “Double V” Some African Americans did not want to support the war, however, most supported the war Some African Americans did not want to support the war, however, most supported the war Pg 616 Pg 616 Double Victory= victory over Hitler’s racism and America’s racism Double Victory= victory over Hitler’s racism and America’s racism Eventually the army became less segregated Eventually the army became less segregated Construction and supply units to actual combat Construction and supply units to actual combat

11. Women at War Women barred from combat Women barred from combat Women given administrative and clerical jobs so more men are freed up for fighting Women given administrative and clerical jobs so more men are freed up for fighting Women’s Army Corps Women’s Army Corps

12. Japanese American Internment Lots of racism towards Japanese Americans after Pearl Harbor Lots of racism towards Japanese Americans after Pearl Harbor Some wanted Japanese Americans removed from the West Coast Some wanted Japanese Americans removed from the West Coast West Coast declared a military zone West Coast declared a military zone People of Japanese American decent were sent to internment camps People of Japanese American decent were sent to internment camps

13. Internment Camps

14. Navajo Code Talkers Soldiers used radios to communicate during attacks Soldiers used radios to communicate during attacks No time to use a code machine No time to use a code machine Recruited Navajos to be “code talkers” Recruited Navajos to be “code talkers” Could relay messages quickly Could relay messages quickly

15. Zoot Suit Riots Zoot Suits- wore baggy pants, long jackets, and wide brimmed hats Zoot Suits- wore baggy pants, long jackets, and wide brimmed hats Most men wore “victory suits”- didn’t use as much fabric Most men wore “victory suits”- didn’t use as much fabric Rumors that zoot suits attacked sailors Rumors that zoot suits attacked sailors Sailors and soldiers attacked Mexican American neighborhoods in LA- cut their hair and tore off their zoot suits Sailors and soldiers attacked Mexican American neighborhoods in LA- cut their hair and tore off their zoot suits

16. Zoot Suit

17. Daily Life Americans rationed food Americans rationed food Ration coupons- had to give enough coupons to cover the purchase Ration coupons- had to give enough coupons to cover the purchase Victory gardens and scrap drives Victory gardens and scrap drives Govt. raised taxes to pay for war Govt. raised taxes to pay for war Govt. issued war bonds Govt. issued war bonds

18. Propaganda Information used to promote or destroy a cause Information used to promote or destroy a cause A way of selling the war to people A way of selling the war to people Encouraged women to work in industry and men to join the armed forces Encouraged women to work in industry and men to join the armed forces