1. ALEXANDRA ZILL Ackerly Creek and Glenburn Pond Chromium Contamination

2. Glenburn and Precision National Plating Plating until 1999 Contaminated soil and ground water Chromium ran down Ackerly Creek to Glenburn pond Removed contaminated soils Set up catch system Several CaS ₅ injection

3. Chromium Naturally occurring heavy metal  Trace amounts in ground water Used in tanning and textile industries Also used in electroplating- resistance to oxidation Cr (III) and Cr (VI) most common states

4. Chromium-3 Readily absorbed by soils Easily precipitated Essential nutrient Less motile than Cr (VI) Insulin use and lipid, carbohydrate and protein metabolism

5. Chromium-6 Mobile in neutral or alkaline pH soils (i.e. most) Carcinogenic to humans and animals Inhibits growth of plants Chlorine changes Cr III to Cr VI No current limit set on permissible levels in drinking water Canada is 0.05 mg/L

6. Environmental Risk Assessment of 2003 Glenburn Pond/Ackerly Creek elevated Chromium Believed little to no risk to aquatic, benthic or terrestrial communities No risk of bioaccumulation Removal of dam a potential positive

7. Chromium toxicity in Animals Easily penetrates cell membrane Some Cr VI naturally changes to Cr III in GI track Most released in feces and urine Cause:  Lung, liver and stomach cancer  Liver, spleen, bone, kidney, lung retention  Birth defects  Anemia  Compensatory hematopoietic response

8. Chromium Toxicity in Plants Not essential nutrient Causes micronutrient deficiencies Reduced yields Exclusively in roots Decreases  Root growth  Height/length/mass  Rate of growth  Seed germination  Water uptake/lateral movement

9. Conclusion ERA= old data Exposure for surrounding area long Bioaccumulation likely New Toxicology report by EPA is comprehensive