2. Warm-Up #13 Complete page 39 of your study guide Complete page 39 of your study guide

3. Digestion Products: Proteins Proteins Carbohydrates Carbohydrates Lipids Lipids Muscle,enzymes,Hb Last energy source Amino acids (monomer) Protein/polypeptide (polymer) Simple sugar (glucose) monosaccharides Starch, glycogen, fiber (polysaccharides) Quick energy 1 st used Cell id tags Fatty acids & glycerol (subunits) Saturated/unsaturated (polymer) Long term food, insulation,protection, cell membranes, myelin sheath 2 nd energy source (low intensity/endurance exercise)

4. Vitamins (organic) & Minerals Water soluble Vitamins dissolved in blood stream - not stored in body – metabolic functions & coenzymes Water soluble Vitamins dissolved in blood stream - not stored in body – metabolic functions & coenzymes Fat Soluble Vitamins (ADEK) can be stored in fat of body -, skin/eye cells, used for bone growth, antioxidants, blood clotting Fat Soluble Vitamins (ADEK) can be stored in fat of body -, skin/eye cells, used for bone growth, antioxidants, blood clotting Minerals Minerals Variety of function – nerve function, muscle function, blood clotting, bone formation, metabolism, enzyme components Variety of function – nerve function, muscle function, blood clotting, bone formation, metabolism, enzyme components

5. The Digestive System Ch 38-2 Guide Mechanical & Chemical Breakdown Of Food for energy

6. Objectives Identify the organs of the digestive system. Identify the organs of the digestive system. Describe the function of the digestive system. Describe the function of the digestive system.

7. Digestion is…. Breaking down foods physically & chemically so they can be absorbed into the bloodstream for delivery to cells. Those substances not absorbed are eliminated from the body.

8. Mechanical vs. Chemical Chemical = enzyme breakdown (mouth, stomach, small intestine) (remember features of enzymes) Mechanical = physical breakdown (teeth, tongue, peristalsis) Key Enzymes to Know?

9. Absorption vs. Secretion Secretion is the release of a substance Enzymes are secreted Secretion is the release of a substance Enzymes are secreted Absorption is the uptake of a substance nutrients are absorbed in small intestine, water in large intestine Absorption is the uptake of a substance nutrients are absorbed in small intestine, water in large intestine

10. Mouth: Mechanically breaks up food Chemically digests Carbohydrates Enzyme used amylase from salivary glands Lipids (minimal) – uses lingual lipase Basic pH Wets & forms “bolus”

11. Salivary Glands: Makes the salivary juices Contains amylase & lipase enzymes Basic pH For the digestion of carbohydrates & some lipids

12. A: Esophagus Bolus movement to stomach by peristalsis Bolus movement to stomach by peristalsis

13. C:Stomach Mechanically churns Stores food Chemically digests Proteins Enzyme Pepsin Acidic pH Mucus Lining prevents digestion of itself What leaves = Acid Chyme

14. E:Small Intestine I: 1 st section =Digestion Lipids (fats) Uses Lipase Carbohydrates uses Amylase Proteins uses trypsin enzymes from the pancreas Small Intestine also makes some (sucrase, maltase, peptidase, lactase) 2 nd section = Absorption of food VILLI=more surface area

15. F: Large Intestine Absorbs water Vitamin production & absorption No Digestion Eliminates wastes (all undigested foods)

16. Barium Enema: window to the intestines:

17. D:Pancreas makes digestive juices: Enzymes & bases secreted into small intestine No Digestion in the Pancreas ! No food passes through here

18. K Liver:. Makes bile & Stores sugar as glycogen No food passes through the liver No digestion takes place in the liver Gall Bladder stores bile

19. J:Gall Bladder: Stores bile made by the liver Bile emulsifies fats = makes them water soluble Releases this into small intestine No food passes through the gall bladder No digestion takes place in the gall bladder

20. H: Appendix: vestigial organ cellulose storage

21. pH= Proper acid or base levels Basic = > 7 Basic = > 7 Digestion of carbohydrates Digestion of carbohydrates & lipids & lipids Acidic= < 7 Acidic= < 7 Digestion of proteins in the stomach Digestion of proteins in the stomach pH 2 7 8 1 0 12

22. Enzymes are pH specific Different enzymes Different enzymes Different body areas Different body areas Different optimum pH Different optimum pH Stomach= acid pH Stomach= acid pH Uses PEPSIN Uses PEPSIN Mouth= basic pH Mouth= basic pH Uses AMYLASE Uses AMYLASE Stomach Blood Mouth

23. Control of Digestion by the Nervous System

24. Digestion Video http://highered.mcgraw- hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/c hapter26/animation__organs_of_digestion.h tml http://highered.mcgraw- hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/c hapter26/animation__organs_of_digestion.h tml http://highered.mcgraw- hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/c hapter26/animation__organs_of_digestion.h tml http://highered.mcgraw- hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/c hapter26/animation__organs_of_digestion.h tml

25. Summary What are the organs of the digestive system? What are the organs of the digestive system? What is the function of the digestive system? What is the function of the digestive system?

26. Homework—Due Monday 3/14 Read Text pages 985-989. Read Text pages 985-989. Complete Study Guide pages 41, 42, 43 Complete Study Guide pages 41, 42, 43