1. Early Middle Ages 500 to 1000 A.D.

2. Why did Europe decline between 400-700 AD?
natural disasters
constant invasions
the Black Death

3. Which Germanic tribe created the strongest kingdom?
Franks
Goths
Vandals

4. The Franks converted to Christianity and stopped the Muslims from advancing further into Europe at the Battle of
Hastings
Tours
the Bulge

5. Who is being described? He was a Frankish king who built an empire.
Pope Leo crowned him Holy Roman Emperor
He spread Christianity and Roman Culture throughout his empire
Charlemagne
Clovis
Caesar

6. Charlemagne’s empire included which modern-day countries?
Greece and Macedonia
Ireland, Great Britain and Denmark
France, Germany, and part of Italy

7. Charlemagne’s military conquests and alliance with the church helped to blend which three traditions in Western Europe?
Scandinavian and Byzantine
Roman, Christian, and German
Hungarian and Mongol

8. Which invaders were expert sailors and ferocious fighters who came from Scandinavia and settled in Russia?
Vikings
Angles and Saxons
Magyars

9. Which nomadic invaders came from Central Asia and settled in present-day Hungary?
Vikings
Angles and Saxons
Magyars

10. Which invaders settled in Great Britain (England) ?
Angles and Saxons
Mongols
Franks

11. All of the following were effects of these invasions EXCEPT
towns emptied and declined
the feudal system was strengthened
trade increased

12. People who were bound to the land and provided labor for the manor were called
merchants
nobles
serfs

13. Why did people give up their freedom to become serfs for landholding lords?
high wages
excellent working conditions
protection

14. What provided protection from invaders?
manors with castles
Roman army
heavily armed serfs

15. Who held the real power in feudal society?
king
lords (nobles)
serfs
King
Lords
Vassals:Knights
Serfs (peasants)

16. In exchange for loyalty and military service, a landowning lord would give a knight a parcel of land to rule called a
province
fief
territory

17. The knight who received the land was known as a
vassal
peasant
serf

18. The lord’s estate was called a
manor
castle
plantation

19. As the Roman Empire declined, what became the unifying force in Western Europe?
Vandals
Islamic religion
Roman Catholic Church

20. Who spread Christianity and brought the Latin alphabet to the Germanic tribes?
artisans
scribes
missionaries

21. Where were Greco-Roman cultural achievements copied, illustrated and preserved?
manor
monasteries
libraries

22. Who met the daily religious and social needs of the people?
local lords
the Pope
parish priests